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Anaphylaxis in children: Current understanding and key issues in diagnosis and treatment

机译:儿童过敏反应:目前的认识和诊断和治疗中的关键问题

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摘要

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. Since it is unpredictable and potentially fatal, prompt recognition and treatment are vital to maximize a positive outcome. The occurrence of anaphylaxis is increasing across all ages in the United States, with increased risk of worse outcome in teenagers/young adults and in those with comorbid conditions such as asthma. Gaps in the assessment of patient-specific risk factors, identification and prevention of triggers, recognition of signs/symptoms, and pharmacologic treatment of anaphylaxis have been identified at the physician and caregiver/patient level. A PubMed literature search (January 2000-December 2011) was conducted to identify publications on childhood anaphylaxis using the following terms: food allergy, food allergens, food hypersensitivity, epinephrine, epinephrine auto-injectors, anaphylactic triggers, and anaphylaxis. This review will critically appraise these key issues and highlight strategies that might result in improved management of anaphylaxis in children.
机译:过敏反应是一种严重的过敏反应,起病迅速,可能导致死亡。由于它是不可预测的并且可能致命,因此迅速识别和治疗对于最大化阳性结果至关重要。在美国,过敏反应的发生率在所有年龄段中都在增加,在青少年/年轻人和患有哮喘等合并症的人中,发生不良反应的风险增加。在医生和护理人员/患者层面,已经确定了在评估患者特定风险因素,识别和预防触发因素,识别体征/症状以及药物治疗过敏反应方面的差距。进行PubMed文献检索(2000年1月至2011年12月),使用以下术语识别有关儿童过敏的出版物:食物过敏,食物过敏原,食物超敏反应,肾上腺素,肾上腺素自动注射器,过敏触发和过敏反应。这项审查将批判性地评估这些关键问题,并重点介绍可能会改善儿童过敏反应管理的策略。

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