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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >Evidence of hotspot paths below Arabia and the Horn of Africa and consequences on the Red Sea opening
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Evidence of hotspot paths below Arabia and the Horn of Africa and consequences on the Red Sea opening

机译：Arabia以下热点路径的证据以及非洲的喇叭和红海开放的后果

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摘要

Rifts are often associated with ancient traces of hotspots, which are supposed to participate to the weakening of the lithosphere. We investigated the expected past trajectories followed by three hotspots (Afar, East-Africa and Lake-Victoria) located around the Red Sea. We used a hotspot reference frame to compute their location with respect to time, which is then compared to mantle tomography interpretations and geological features. Their tracks are frequently situated under continental crust, which is known to strongly filter plume activity. We looked for surface markers of their putative ancient existence, such as volcanism typology, doming, and heat-flow data from petroleum wells. Surface activity of the East-Africa hotspot is supported at 110 Ma, 90 Ma and 30 Ma by uplift, volcanic activity and rare gas isotopic signatures, reminiscent of a deep plume origin. The analysis of heat-flow data from petroleum wells under the Arabian plate shows a thermal anomaly that may correspond to the past impact of the Afar hotspot. According to derived hotspot trajectories, the Afar hotspot, situated (at 32 Ma) 1000 km north-east of the Ethiopian-Yemen traps, was probably too far away to be accountable for them. The trigger of the flood basalts would likely be linked to the East-Africa hotspot. The Lake-Victoria hotspot activity appears to have been more recent, attested only by Cenozoic volcanism in an uplifted area. Structural and thermal weakening of the lithosphere may have played a major role in the location of the rift systems. The Gulf of Aden is located on inherited Mesozoic extensional basins between two weak zones, the extremity of the Carlsberg Ridge and the present Afar triangle, previously impacted by the East-Africa hotspot. The Red Sea may have opened in the context of extension linked to Neo-Tethys slab-pull, along the track followed by the East Africa hotspot, suggesting an inherited thermal weakening. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：裂口常与热点古老的痕迹，这是为了参加在岩石圈的减弱有关。我们研究了过去的预期轨迹，然后围绕位于红海上航行了热点（阿法尔，东非和湖维多利亚）。我们使用了一个热点参考帧来计算相对于时间，然后将其相对于罩体层摄影术的解释和地质特征它们的位置。他们的行踪常常位于下陆壳，这是众所周知的强烈过滤柱活动。我们看了他们的推测古代存在的表面标志物，如火山类型学，隆起，并从石油井热流量数据。东非洲热点的表面活性是在110马的抬升，火山活动和稀有气体的同位素特征，让人想起了深刻的羽毛起源的支持，90 Ma和30毫安。的分析热流从石油井数据在阿拉伯板示出了热异常可对应于阿法尔热点的过去的影响。根据得到的热点轨迹，阿法尔热点，位于（在32马）千公里东北埃塞俄比亚，也门陷阱，可能是距离太远是他们的责任。洪水玄武岩的触发可能会被链接到东非热点。该湖维多利亚热点活动似乎已经更近，在隆起区由新生代火山活动仅证实。岩石圈结构和热贬值可能在裂谷系的位置都发挥了重要作用。亚丁湾位于两个弱区，嘉士伯岭的极端性和本阿法尔三角，以前由东非洲热点的影响之间的继承中生代伸展盆地。红海可扩展链接到新特提斯板拉的情况下已经打开，沿着轨道其次是东非的热点，这表明一种遗传热弱化。 （c）2018年elestvier b.v.保留所有权利。

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