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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >The viscosity of pahoehoe lava: In situ syn-eruptive measurements from Kilauea, Hawaii
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The viscosity of pahoehoe lava: In situ syn-eruptive measurements from Kilauea, Hawaii

机译：Pahoehoe Lava的粘度：夏威夷利雷厄的原位同步测量

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Viscosity is one of the most important physical properties controlling lava flow dynamics. Usually, viscosity is measured in the laboratory where key parameters can be controlled but can never reproduce the natural environment and original state of the lava in terms of crystal and bubble contents, dissolved volatiles, and oxygen fugacity. The most promising approach for quantifying the rheology of molten lava in its natural state is therefore to carry out direct field measurements by inserting a viscometer into the lava while it is flowing. Such in-situ syn-eruptive viscosity measurements are notoriously difficult to perform due to the lack of appropriate instrumentation and the difficulty of working on or near an active lava flow. In the field, rotational viscometer measurements are of particular value as they have the potential to measure the properties of the flow interior rather than an integration of the viscosity of the viscoelastic crust + flow interior. To our knowledge only one field rotational viscometer is available, but logistical constraints have meant that it has not been used for 20 yr. Here, we describe new viscosity measurements made using the refurbished version of this custom-built rotational viscometer, as performed on active pahoehoe lobes from the 61G lava flow of Kilauea's Pu'u 'O'o eruption in 2016. We successfully measured a viscosity of similar to 380 Pas at strain-rates between 1.6 and 5 s(-1) and at 1144 degrees C. Additionally, synchronous lava sampling allowed us to provide detailed textural and chemical characterization of quenched samples. Application of current physico-chemical models based on this characterization (16 +/- 4 vol.% crystals: 50 +/- 6 vol.% vesicles), gave viscosity estimates that were approximately compatible with the measured values, highlighting the sensitivity of model-based viscosity estimates on the effect of deformable bubbles. Our measurements also agree on the range of viscosities in comparison to previous fie
机译：粘度是控制熔岩流动力学的最重要的物理性质之一。通常，在实验室中测量粘度，其中可以控制关​​键参数，但在晶体和泡沫含量，溶解挥发物和氧气不足之方中，不能再现熔岩的自然环境和原始状态。因此，在其自然状态下量化熔岩流变学的最有希望的方法是通过将粘度计插入熔岩流入熔岩时进行直接的现场测量。由于缺乏适当的仪器和在活跃的熔岩流动或附近工作的难度，这样的原位同步爆发粘度测量难以执行。在该领域中，旋转粘度计测量特别值特别值，因为它们具有测量流动内部的性质而不是粘弹性地壳+流动内部的粘度的集成。我们知识只有一个现场旋转粘度计可用，但后勤约束意味着它尚未用于20年。在这里，我们描述了使用Pilauea Pu'u'O'o Buluption的61G熔岩流动的经过翻新版本的经过翻新版本的经过翻新版本的粘度测量。我们成功地测量了粘度与1.6和5秒（-1）的应变率和1144摄氏度之间的380个PA。另外，同步熔岩抽样使我们能够提供淬火样品的详细纹理和化学表征。基于此表征的电流物理化学模型的应用（16 +/- 4 Vol.％晶体：50 +/- 6 Vol.％囊泡），得到了与测量值大致兼容的粘度估计，突出了模型的敏感性基于可变形气泡的效果的粘度估计。我们的测量还达成与以前的FIE相比的粘度范围

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