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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >Chlorate brines on Mars: Implications for the occurrence of liquid water and deliquescence
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Chlorate brines on Mars: Implications for the occurrence of liquid water and deliquescence

机译：MARS上的氯化盐水：对液态水和潮解发生的影响

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摘要

Oxychlorine salts (chlorates and perchlorates) are globally important components of surface soils on Mars, and could form liquid water in concentrated salt solutions despite prevailing cold and dry conditions. Although perchlorate salts are well-characterized, basic thermodynamic properties of chlorate solutions, such as water activity (a(w)) and even solubility, are poorly known. To address this knowledge-gap, we measured water activities and solubilities in the Na-Ca-Mg-ClO3 system at 25 degrees C using the isopiestic method, and fit the data to an aqueous ion-interaction Pitzer model. We find that chlorate solutions have extremely low water activities that could allow liquid water to form on the surface of Mars. Compared to perchlorates, chlorates generally have higher water activities at the same concentration; however, saturated Mg(ClO3)(2) solutions, in particular, are extremely concentrated (7.59 mol kg(-1)) and have a(w) = 0.2 at 25 degrees C, substantially below saturated Mg(ClO4)(2) solutions (a(w) = 0.4). If Mg(ClO3)(2) salts are present on Mars' surface, then our results suggest a much greater potential for liquid water formation in soils due to freezing point depression or deliquescence than with perchlorates. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：氧基氯盐（氯酸盐和高氯酸盐）是火星上的表面土壤的全球重要组成部分，尽管普遍存在的冷和干燥的条件，但可以在浓缩盐溶液中形成液态水。虽然高氯酸盐是众所周知的氯酸盐溶液的基本热力学性质，例如水活性（A（w））甚至溶解度较为令人讨厌。为了解决这一知识间隙，我们使用等索法测定了25摄氏度的Na-Ca-Mg-Clo3系统中的水活性和溶解度，并将数据拟合到水性离子互动Pitzer模型中。我们发现氯酸盐溶液具有极低的水活性，可以允许液态水在火星表面形成。与高氯酸盐相比，氯酸盐通常具有相同浓度的较高的水活性;然而，饱和Mg（ClO3）（2）溶液，特别是极其浓缩（7.59摩尔kg（-1）），并且在25℃下具有（w）= 0.2，基本上低于饱和的mg（clo 4）（2）解决方案（A（w）= 0.4）。如果Mg（ClO3）（2）盐存在于火星表面上，那么我们的结果表明由于冷冻点抑制或潮解的脂肪抑郁而不是与高氯酸盐产生的液体水形成更大的潜力。 （c）2018年elestvier b.v.保留所有权利。

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