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Nanomaterials for oncotherapies targeting the hallmarks of cancer

机译：针对癌症标志的纳米乳房的纳米材料

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摘要

An increasing amount of evidence has demonstrated the diverse functionalities of nanomaterials in oncotherapies such as drug delivery, imaging, and killing cancer cells. This review aims to offer an authoritative guide for the development of nanomaterial-based oncotherapies and shed light on emerging yet understudied hallmarks of cancer where nanoparticles can help improve cancer control. With this aim, three nanomaterials, i.e. those based on gold, graphene, and liposome, were selected to represent and encompass metal inorganic, nonmetal inorganic, and organic nanomaterials, and four oncotherapies, i.e. phototherapies, immunotherapies, cancer stem cell therapies, and metabolic therapies, were characterized based on the differential hallmarks of cancer that they target. We also view physical plasma as a cocktail of reactive species and carrier of nanomaterials and focus on its roles in targeting the hallmarks of cancer provided with its unique traits and ability to selectively induce epigenetic and genetic modulations in cancer cells that halt tumor initiation and progression. This review provides a clear understanding of how the physico-chemical features of particles at the nanoscale contribute alone or create synergistic effects with current treatment modalities in combating each of the hallmarks of cancer that ultimately leads to desired therapeutic outcomes and shapes the toolbox for cancer control.
机译：越来越多的证据表明了在癌症中的纳米材料中的多样性功能，例如药物递送，成像和杀死癌细胞。该审查旨在为纳米颗粒的癌症的新兴的癌症标志和脱落灯提供有权威指南，纳米粒子可以帮助改善癌症控制。用这种目的，选择三种纳米材料，即基于金，石墨烯和脂质体的那些，以表示和涵盖金属无机，非金属无机和有机纳米材料，以及四个组织，即光疗法，免疫疗法，癌症干细胞疗法和代谢疗法是基于它们靶向癌症的差异标志的特征。我们还将物理等离子体视为纳米材料的反应性物种和载体的鸡尾酒，并专注于瞄准其具有独特性状的癌症的标志和选择性地诱导癌细胞中的癌细胞和遗传调制的能力，这些作用是暂停肿瘤引发和进展的癌细胞中的能力。本综述对纳米级颗粒的物理化学特征有明确的了解，如何用目前的治疗方式产生协同作用，在打击癌症的每个标志中，最终导致所需的治疗结果并使工具箱进行癌症控制。

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