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Rise of nano effects in electrode during electrocatalytic CO2 conversion

机译：电催化二氧化碳转化期间电极中纳米效应的兴起

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摘要

The electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 into value-added fuels has received increasing attention as a promising way to mitigate the atmospheric CO2 concentration and close the broken carbon-cycle. Early studies, focused on polycrystalline metal electrodes, outlined in detail the overall trends in the catalytic activity and product selectivity of pure metals; however, several inherent limitations were found, such as low current density and high overpotential, which hindered electrocatalytic CO2 reduction from practical application. Fortunately, the recent development of precisely synthesized nanocatalysts has led to several breakthroughs in catalytic CO2 conversion. By carefully controlling the thermodynamic adsorption energies and flow dynamics of reaction intermediates, nanosized electrocatalysts afford more versatile and energetically efficient routes to convert CO2 into desired chemicals. In this article, we review the state-of-the-art nanocatalysts applied for CO2 conversion and discuss newly found phenomena at the local environment near the catalyst surface. The mechanistic understanding of these findings can provide insight into the future design of catalysts for the efficient and selective reduction of CO2.
机译：二氧化碳的电催化转化为增值燃料已经增加了越来越关注，以减轻大气二氧化碳浓度并关闭破碎的碳循环。早期研究，专注于多晶金属电极，详细概述了催化活性的整体趋势和纯金属的产品选择性;然而，发现了几种固有的局限性，例如低电流密度和高过电位，其阻碍了从实际应用中降低了电催化二氧化碳。幸运的是，最近的精确合成纳米催化剂的发展导致了催化CO 2转化的几种突破。通过仔细控制反应中间体的热力吸附能量和流量动力学，纳米电催化剂提供更通用的多功能和能量有效的路线，以将CO2转化为所需的化学品。在本文中，我们审查了适用于CO2转化的最先进的纳米催化剂，并在催化剂表面附近的当地环境中讨论新发现的现象。对这些发现的机械理解可以深入了解催化剂的未来设计，以获得CO 2的有效和选择性。

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