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Rapid heat treatment for anatase conversion of titania nanotube orthopedic surfaces

机译：二氧化钛纳米管矫形表面的锐钛矿转化的快速热处理

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摘要

The amorphous to anatase transformation of anodized nanotubular titania surfaces has been studied by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A more rapid heat treatment for conversion of amorphous to crystalline anatase favorable for orthopedic implant applications was demonstrated. Nanotube titania surfaces were fabricated by electrochemical anodization of Ti6Al4V in an electrolyte containing 0.2 wt% NH4F, 60% ethylene glycol and 40% deionized water. The resulting surfaces were systematically heat treated in air with isochronal and isothermal experiments to study the temperature and time dependent transformation respectively. Energy dispersive spectroscopy shows that the anatase phase transformation of TiO2 in the as-anodized amorphous nanotube layer can be achieved in as little as 5 min at 350 degrees C in contrast to reports of higher temperature and much longer time. Crystallinity analysis at different temperatures and times yield transformation rate coefficients and activation energy for crystalline anatase coalescence. TEM confirms the (101) TiO2 presence within the nanotubes. These results confirm that for applications where amorphous titania nanotube surfaces are converted to crystalline anatase, a 5 min production flow-through heating process could be used instead of a 3 h batch process, reducing time, cost, and complexity.
机译：通过X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了阳极氧化纳米管二氧化钛表面的无定形阳极氧化纳米管钛菊酯。对矫形植入应用有利于矫形植入应用的良好的晶体锐钛矿进行更快的热处理。通过含有0.2wt％NH4F，60％乙二醇和40％去离子水的电解质中Ti6Al4V的电化学阳极氧化通过电解质阳极氧化来制造纳米管二氧化钛表面。在空气中系统地热处理得到的表面，具有同传和等温实验，分别研究温度和时间依赖性转化。能量色散光谱表明，与较高温度和更长的时间的报告相比，可以在350℃下达到5分钟的TiO 2中TiO 2的锐钛矿相变。结晶性分析在不同温度和时代的转化率系数和晶体锐钛矿聚结的激活能量。 TEM确认（101）TiO2在纳米管内的存在。这些结果证实，对于非晶二氧化钛纳米管表面转化为结晶锐钛矿的应用，可以使用5分钟的生产流动加热过程而不是3小时批量处理，减少时间，成本和复杂性。

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