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首页> 外文期刊>Nature reviews Cancer >Dissipation and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to organic matter in soils amended by exogenous rich-carbon material
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Dissipation and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to organic matter in soils amended by exogenous rich-carbon material

机译：外源性富含碳材料修正的土壤中多环芳烃（PAHS）对土壤有机质的耗散和吸附过程

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Purpose The aim of the research was to assess the effect of biochar addition on aging, degradation, and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to soil organic matter. The study was carried out as a sorption experiment in strictly controlled water and air conditions, which allowed for the accurate observation and prediction of PAH behavior in soils. Materials and methods Four soils were fortified with a PAH mixture (Fluorene-Flu, Anthracene-Ant, Phenanthrene-Phe, Pyrene-Pyr, Chrysene-Chry) at 20 mg kg(-1) of single-compound concentration level. The experiment was carried out in two trials: soils + 5PAHs amended with biochar and soil + 5PAHs without biochar addition with incubation times of 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. After each interval time, the extractable (E-SOM) and stable organic matter (S-SOM) were measured as well as PAHs determined in two forms: total concentration (PAH-tot) and residual concentration (PAH-rest) after E-SOM extraction. The PAH loss and half-life times were estimated according to pseudo first-order kinetics equation. Results and discussion The amounts of PAH-tot in the soils without biochar decreased by an average of 92%, while in soil with biochar, this was 41% after 9 months of aging. The amount of PAHs-rest bounded with S-SOM after 9 months of incubation varied from 0.9 to 3.5% and 0.2 to 1.3% of the initial PAH concentration, respectively, for soils non-induced and induced by biochar. In soils without biochar, Flu, Ant, Phe, and Pyr exhibited similar T-1/2 (43-59 days), but Chry was characterized by a much higher and broader T-1/2 than other hydrocarbons (67-280 days). Biochar addition to the soils significantly influenced the half-life changes for all PAHs. The highest changes were noted for Phe (14-fold increase), and the lowest was for Flu (7-fold increase). Conclusions The addition of exogenous-rich carbon material such as biochar to the soil significantly changes the behavior and sorption potential of PAHs in the soil. Soils enriched with biochar are characterized by a higher persistence of PAHs, longer aging time, and lower affinity for sorption by native organic matter structures. Soils freshly polluted by PAH are mainly sorbed by E-SOM, which significantly increases their accessibility and reduces formation of bound-residues in the soil.
机译：目的，该研究的目的是评估生物炭加入对土壤有机质的衰老，降解和吸附过程的影响，降解和吸附过程。该研究是作为严格控制的水和空气条件的吸附试验，其允许准确观察和预测土壤中的PAH行为。材料和方法用PAH混合物（芴 - 流感，蒽 - 蚂蚁，菲，芘-Pyr，Chrysene-Chry）以20mg kg（-1）的单复合浓度水平来强化四种土壤。该实验是在两项试验中进行：土壤+ 5PAH在Biochar和土壤+ 5PAh的情况下进行，没有生物炭加入0,1,3,6和9个月的孵育时间。在每个间隔时间之后，测量可提取的（E-SOM）和稳定的有机物（S-SOM），以及以两种形式测定的PAHs：在E-之后总浓度（PAH-TOT）和残余浓度（PAH静息） SOM提取。根据伪一阶动力学方程估计PAH损失和半衰期。结果与讨论土壤中的PAH-TOT的数量平均下降92％，而在生物炭土壤中，在衰老9个月后，这是41％。在9个月孵育后，用S-SOM的PAH休息量分别为初始PAH浓度的0.9％至3.5％和0.2％至1.3％，用于生物炭未诱导和诱导的土壤。在没有生物炭的土壤中，流感，蚂蚁，PHE和Pyr表现出类似的T-1/2（43-59天），但Chry的特征在于比其他烃（67-280天为更高的T-1/2 ）。生物炭加入土壤，显着影响所有PAH的半衰期变化。注意到PHE（增加14倍）的最大变化，最低的流感是（增加7倍）。结论添加外源性富含碳材料，如生物炭，显着改变了土壤中PAHS的行为和吸附潜力。富含生物炭的土壤的特征在于PAHS，更长的老化时间持续增强，并且对天然有机物质结构的吸附较低的亲和力。 PAH新鲜污染的土壤主要由E-SOM举起，这显着提高了它们的可访问性并减少了土壤中绑定残留物的形成。

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