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Neuron-glia signaling: Implications for astrocyte differentiation and synapse formation.

机译:神经元 - 胶林信号传导:对星形胶质细胞分化和突触形成的影响。

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摘要

Glial cells are currently viewed as active partners of neurons in synapse formation. The close proximity of astrocytes to the synaptic cleft implicates that they strongly influence synapse function as well as suggests that these cells might be potential targets for neuronal-released molecules. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathways of astrocyte generation and the role of astrocyte-derived molecules in synapse formation in the central nervous system. Further, we discuss the role of the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) pathway in astrocyte generation and differentiation. We provide evidence that astrocytes surrounding synapses are target of neuronal activity and shed light into the role of astroglial cells into neurological disorders associated with glutamate neurotoxicity.
机译:目前胶质细胞在突触形成中被视为神经元的活性伴侣。 星形胶质细胞对突触裂缝的紧密接近意味着它们强烈影响突触功能,并表明这些细胞可能是神经元释放分子的潜在靶标。 在本文中,我们讨论了星形胶质细胞生成的信号通路和星形胶质细胞衍生分子在中枢神经系统中突触形成的作用。 此外,我们讨论了兴奋性神经递质,谷氨酸和转化生长因子β1(TGF-Beta1)途径在星形胶质细胞产生和分化中的作用。 我们提供了证据,即周围突触的星形胶质细胞是神经元活动的靶向,并将光圈细胞变成与谷氨酸神经毒性相关的神经障碍的作用。

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