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Challenges in application of Raman spectroscopy to biology and materials

机译：拉曼光谱应用于生物学和材料的挑战

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摘要

Raman spectroscopy has become an essential tool for chemists, physicists, biologists and materials scientists. In this article, we present the challenges in unravelling the molecule-specific Raman spectral signatures of different biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates based on the review of our work and the current trends in these areas. We also show how Raman spectroscopy can be used to probe the secondary and tertiary structural changes occurring during thermal denaturation of protein and lysozyme as well as more complex biological systems like bacteria. Complex biological systems like tissues, cells, blood serum etc. are also made up of such biomolecules. Using mice liver and blood serum, it is shown that different tissues yield their unique signature Raman spectra, owing to a difference in the relative composition of the biomolecules. Additionally, recent progress in Raman spectroscopy for diagnosing a multitude of diseases ranging from cancer to infection is also presented. The second part of this article focuses on applications of Raman spectroscopy to materials. As a first example, Raman spectroscopy of a melt cast explosives formulation was carried out to monitor the changes in the peaks which indicates the potential of this technique for remote process monitoring. The second example presents various modern methods of Raman spectroscopy such as spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS), reflection, transmission and universal multiple angle Raman spectroscopy (UMARS) to study layered materials. Studies on chemicals/layered materials hidden in non-metallic containers using the above variants are presented. Using suitable examples, it is shown how a specific excitation or collection geometry can yield different information about the location of materials. Additionally, it is shown that UMARS imaging can also be used as an effective tool to obtain layer specific information of materials located at depths beyond a few centimeters.
机译：拉曼光谱已成为化学家，物理学家，生物学家和材料科学家的重要工具。在本文中，我们根据我们的工作审查以及这些地区的当前趋势，提出了解开不同生物分子的分子，核酸，脂质和碳水化合物等分子特异性拉曼光谱特征的挑战。我们还展示了拉曼光谱方法如何用于探测在蛋白质和溶菌酶的热变性期间发生的二次和三级结构变化以及细菌等更复杂的生物系统。复杂的生物系统，如组织，细胞，血液血清等也由这种生物分子组成。使用小鼠肝脏和血液血清，示出了由于生物分子的相对组合物的差异，不同的组织产生了它们独特的特征拉曼光谱。此外，还介绍了依赖于诊断从癌症到感染的多种疾病的拉曼光谱的进展。本文的第二部分侧重于拉曼光谱对材料的应用。作为第一个例子，进行了熔融铸炸药制剂的拉曼光谱，以监测峰值的变化，表示该技术用于远程过程监测的技术。第二示例呈现出各种现代方法的拉曼光谱（如空间偏移拉曼光谱（SOR），反射，传输和通用多角度拉曼光谱（umars），以研究分层材料。提出了使用上述变体隐藏在非金属容器中的化学品/分层材料的研究。使用合适的示例，示出了特定的激发或收集几何形状如何产生关于材料位置的不同信息。另外，表明umars成像也可以用作获得位于超过几厘米的深度的材料的层特定信息。

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  • 来源
    《RSC Advances》 |2018年第46期|共21页
  • 作者

    Kuhar Nikki; Sil Sanchita; Verma Taru; Umapathy Siva;

  • 作者单位

    Indian Inst Sci Dept Inorgan &

    Phys Chem Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India;

    DRDO Def Bioengn &

    Electromed Lab Bangalore 560093 Karnataka India;

    Indian Inst Sci Ctr Biosyst Sci &

    Engn Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India;

    Indian Inst Sci Dept Inorgan &

    Phys Chem Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India;

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  • 中图分类 化学;
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