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Advances in chemistry and composition of soft materials for drug releasing contact lenses

机译：用于药物释放隐形眼镜的化学和组成的化学和组成的研究进展

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摘要

Ocular drug delivery has always been a challenging feat to achieve in the field of medical sciences. One of the existing methods of non-invasive ocular drug delivery is the use of eye drops. However, drugs administered through these formulations have low bioavailability in the ocular system. This limitation can been overcome by using contact lenses as drug delivery vehicles. According to USA FDA definitions they can be categorized into two main categories-hard and soft contact lenses. Based on the material properties, hard contact lenses are mostly produced from polymers of acrylate monomers such as MMA (methyl methacrylate). These have the least water retention capacity, thereby, having minimal ability to diffuse oxygen into the corneal layer and are not ideal for long term use. Soft material contact lenses are flexible and are mainly hydrogel based. They have higher water retention capacities as compared to rigid contact lenses, which gives them the ability to transmit oxygen to the corneal layer. These hydrogel based soft materials are mainly produced from polymers of acrylate monomers such as HEMA (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and found to be better for drug delivery contact lenses. These polymer-based soft materials have been efficiently modified in terms of their chemistry to achieve diverse physicochemical properties to produce efficient ocular drug delivery systems. However, complications such as drug leaching during storage and distribution, sterilisation, preservation of integrity of the lens and the possibility of surface roughness due to the incorporated drug molecules still need to be optimised. This review highlights the chemistries of various polymeric molecules through which physicochemical properties can be modified to achieve optimum drug loading and sustained release of the drug for application in the ocular system.
机译：在医学科学领域实现眼镜药物递送始终是一个具有挑战性的壮举。现有的非侵入性眼药递送方法之一是使用滴眼液。然而，通过这些制剂给药的药物在眼部系统中具有较低的生物利用度。通过使用隐形眼镜作为药物递送车辆，可以克服这种限制。根据美国FDA定义，它们可以分为两种主要类别 - 硬和柔软的隐形眼镜。基于材料特性，硬隐形眼镜主要由丙烯酸酯单体如MMA（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）的聚合物制成。这些具有最少的水保持能力，从而具有最小的扩散到角膜层的能力，并且不适合长期使用。软材料隐形眼镜是柔性的，主要是水凝胶基。与刚性隐形眼镜相比，它们具有较高的水保持性能，这使其能够将氧传输到角膜层。这些基于水凝胶的软材料主要由丙烯酸酯单体如HEMA（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）的聚合物制成，并发现药物递送隐形眼镜更好。这些基于聚合物的软材料在其化学方面已经有效地修改，以实现不同的物理化学性质以产生有效的眼部药物输送系统。然而，在储存和分配期间的药物浸出等并发症，杀菌剂的灭菌，镜片完整性的渗透性以及由于掺入的药物分子的表面粗糙度的可能性仍然需要优化。本综述凸显了各种聚合物分子的化学物质，通过该分子可以被修饰，以实现药物的最佳药物负载和持续释放在眼部系统中的应用。

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  • 来源
    《RSC Advances》 |2020年第60期|共27页
  • 作者

    Chatterjee Subir; Upadhyay Prashant; Mishra Manjul; Srividya M.; Akshara M. R.; Kamali N.; Zaidi Zahra Sifat; Iqbal Sayeda F.; Misra Santosh K.;

  • 作者单位

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

    Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Biol Sci &

    Bioengn Kalyanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India;

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  • 中图分类 化学;
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