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Determination and distribution of pesticides and antibiotics in agricultural soils from northern China

机译：北方农业土壤农药和抗生素的测定与分布

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摘要

Different types of soil samples from a typical farmland in northern China were collected and evaluated for the presence of the pesticides and antibiotics. 47 pesticides were extracted with a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) preparation method and cleanup with 50mg C-18, while 10 antibiotics were extracted with methanol/EDTA-McIlvaine buffer solution (v/v = 1/1), then both of them were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS). Total concentrations of the 47 pesticides in the soil samples ranged from not detectable (ND) to 3.8 mg kg(-1). The soil exhibited relatively high ecological risk for atrazine, chlorpyrifos, tebuconazole, difenoconazole, pymetrozine, and thiamethoxam, as over 1.0% of the sample concentrations exceeded 0.1 mg kg(-1). The residual levels of the 10 antibiotics were relatively low (ND-951.0 g kg(-1)). Tetracyclines exhibited a high detection rate (20.9%), with 2.8% of the soil samples exhibiting tetracyclines concentrations exceeding 100 g kg(-1), implying high ecological risk. The 4 sulfonamides and 2 macrolides analyzed showed detection rates below 0.8%. Spatial changes in the distribution of pesticides and antibiotics appear to be related to land use patterns, particularly orchards and vegetable plots. The over-standard rate of pesticides and antibiotics in orchards was greater than that of vegetable plots, and grain fields had the lowest over-standard rate. These data were helpful to figure out the pollution of these pesticides and antibiotics, and provided valuable information for soil quality assessment and risk assessment.
机译：收集了来自中国北部典型农田的不同类型的土壤样本，并评估了农药和抗生素的存在。用快速，容易，便宜，有效，坚固，安全（Quechers）制备方法和含有50mg C-18的清除，用甲醇/ EDTA-MICILVAINE缓冲溶液（v / v = 1）提取10种抗生素（v / v = 1） / 1），用高效液相色谱 - 串联质谱仪（HPLC-MS / MS）分析它们两者。土壤样品中47种农药的总浓度范围从未检测到3.8mg kg（-1）。该土壤对阿特拉嗪，紫杉醇，三霉酮唑，苯甲唑，Pymetrozine和硫胺的生态风险表现出相对高的生态风险，因为超过1.0％的样品浓度超过0.1mg kg（-1）。 10抗生素的残留水平相对较低（Nd-951.0g kg（-1））。四环素出现高检测率（20.9％），含有2.8％的土壤样品，表现出超过100g kg（-1）的四环素浓度，暗示高生态风险。分析的4磺酰胺和2种大溴化硼显示出低于0.8％的检测率。农药和抗生素分布的空间变化似乎与土地使用模式，特别是果园和蔬菜地块有关。果园中农药和抗生素的过度标准率大于蔬菜地块，粮田具有最低的过标准率。这些数据有助于弄清楚这些农药和抗生素的污染，并为土壤质量评估和风险评估提供了有价值的信息。

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  • 来源
    《RSC Advances》 |2019年第28期|共8页
  • 作者

    Pan Lixiang; Feng Xiaoxiao; Cao Meng; Zhang Shiwen; Huang Yuanfang; Xu Tianheng; Jing Jing; Zhang Hongyan;

  • 作者单位

    China Agr Univ Coll Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

    China Agr Univ Coll Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

    China Agr Univ Coll Resources &

    Environm Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

    Anhui Univ Sci &

    Technol Coll Earth &

    Environm Sci Huainan 232001 Anhui Peoples R China;

    China Agr Univ Coll Resources &

    Environm Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

    China Agr Univ Coll Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

    China Agr Univ Coll Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

    China Agr Univ Coll Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China;

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