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TiBALDH as a precursor for biomimetic TiO2 synthesis: stability aspects in aqueous media

机译：Tibaldh作为仿生TiO2合成的前体：含水介质中的稳定性方面

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Titanium(iv) bis(ammonium lactate)dihydroxide (TiBALDH) is a commercially available reagent frequently used to synthesize TiO2. Particularly, for the biomimetic synthesis of TiO2, TiBALDH is the preferred precursor because it can be mixed in aqueous solutions with no apparent hydrolysis or condensation reactions. Thus, proteins or other biomolecules can be used as a template in aqueous systems for the synthesis of TiO2 from TiBALDH. Nevertheless, there is evidence that TiBALDH is in equilibrium with TiO2, and even, the principal structure of the complex has been suggested as [Ti4O4(lactate)(8)](8-). Since that chemical equilibrium depends on the polarity of the solvent, in this work we explored a diversity of media to test the chemical stability of TiBALDH and its equilibrium with TiO2 at room temperature. TiBALDH (2.078 M) contains particles of 18.6 +/- 7.3 nm in size, if it is diluted with deionized water, the particles reach a size of 5.2 +/- 1.7 nm, which suggest that intermolecular interactions form polymers of titanium lactate complexes reversibly, reaching equilibrium after 10 hours. Typical buffer systems were tested; TiBALDH reacted rapidly only with phosphate groups, even if the source came from DNA. Therefore, phosphate buffer must be avoided in biomineralization TiO2 synthesis. In solutions of TiBALDH at basic pH, condensation reactions are promoted to form a gel containing anatase nanoparticles, but if the solutions are acidic, monodisperse anatase nanoparticles of similar to 5 nm were observed. The results show that the commercial reagent TiBALDH contains many species of titanium lactate complexes in equilibrium with TiO2, and it is affected by the concentration, time, pH, and several ions. This peculiar behavior must be taken into account when this precursor is used and it could be useful to develop novel synthesis routes of macrostructures with biomolecules in aqueous systems.
机译：二羟基（乳酸铵）二羟基（Tibaldh）是经常用于合成TiO2的市售试剂。特别是，对于TiO 2的仿生合成，Tibaldh是优选的前体，因为它可以在没有明显水解或缩合反应的水溶液中混合。因此，蛋白质或其他生物分子可以用作来自蒂巴曲的TiO 2的水性系统中的模板。然而，有证据表明，蒂皮尔曲面与TiO2平衡，甚至，复合物的主要结构已经提出为[Ti4O4（乳酸）（8）]（8-）。由于化学平衡取决于溶剂的极性，因此在这项工作中，我们探讨了多样性的培养基，以测试胫骨的化学稳定性及其在室温下用TiO 2的平衡。 Tibaldh（2.078 m）含有18.6 +/- 7.3nm的颗粒，如果用去离子水稀释，颗粒达到5.2 +/- 1.7nm的尺寸，这表明分子间相互作用可逆地形成钛乳酸钛配合物的聚合物，10小时后达到均衡。测试典型的缓冲系统;即使源来自DNA，Tibaldh也只用磷酸盐组而迅速反应。因此，必须在生物丙原TiO2合成中避免磷酸盐缓冲液。在碱性pH下的钛乳溶液中，促进缩合反应以形成含锐钛矿纳米颗粒的凝胶，但如果溶液是酸性的，则观察到类似于5nm的单分散锐钛矿纳米颗粒。结果表明，商业试剂Tibaldh含有许多乳酸钛络合物与TiO 2的平衡，其受浓度，时间，pH和几个离子的影响。当使用该前体时，必须考虑这种特殊行为，并且在水性系统中使用生物分子开发新的合成途径可能是有用的。

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    《RSC Advances》 |2019年第59期|共8页
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