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Extraction and modification of cellulose nanofibers derived from biomass for environmental application

机译：生物质纤维素纳米纤维的萃取和改性环境应用

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摘要

Cellulose is a natural biopolymer that is abundantly available in plant cell walls and is secreted in its pure forms by many bacteria. Due to their unique features cellulose materials are considered as efficient replacements for conventional polymers. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) have attracted wide interest due to their nano size, ease of preparation, low cost, tuneable surface properties and enhanced mechanical properties. However, the efficiency of CNF depends on the extraction method employed from its source and their features vary from source to source. Hence, there is a need to understand the specificity of CNF extraction from its source in order to obtain highly efficient CNF with maximum potential. CNF has been extracted from plant sources using physical, chemical and enzymatic methods. Although plant derived CNF possess excellent features, the involvement of chemicals and complexity in extraction process limits their usage. Bacterial CNF overcome this limitation through its extracellular secretion which makes extraction easy. CNF is also extracted from various marine filamentous algae. The percentage of CNF obtained from algal sources is less compared to plants and bacterial sources. CNF finds wide variety of applications such as drug carriers, tissue regenerating scaffolds, water purifying membranes, electrodes, supercapacitors, fluorescent probes and flexible electronics. In this review, various extraction techniques of CNF from different plant and bacterial sources are discussed critically with special emphasis on CNF based composites.
机译：纤维素是一种天然的生物聚合物，其在植物细胞壁中大量可用，并且在许多细菌中以其纯形式分泌。由于其独特的特征，纤维素材料被认为是传统聚合物的有效替代品。由于它们的纳米尺寸，易于制剂，低成本，可调谐表面性能和增强的机械性能，纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）引起了广泛的兴趣。然而，CNF的效率取决于其源的提取方法，其特征因源而异。因此，需要了解从其来源的CNF提取的特异性，以获得具有最大潜力的高效CNF。已使用物理，化学和酶法从植物来源中提取CNF。虽然植物衍生的CNF具有优异的特征，但化学品和复杂性在提取过程中的累积限制了它们的使用。细菌CNF通过其细胞外分泌克服了这种限制，这使得提取容易。 CNF也从各种海洋丝状藻类中提取。与植物和细菌来源相比，从藻类源获得的CNF的百分比减少。 CNF发现各种应用，如药物载体，组织再生支架，水净化膜，电极，超级电容器，荧光探针和柔性电子。在该综述中，具有来自不同植物和细菌来源的CNF的各种提取技术，并特别强调基于CNF基复合材料。

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  • 来源
    《RSC Advances》 |2017年第68期|共24页
  • 作者

    Menon Mridula Prakash; Selvakumar R.; Kumar Palaniswamy Suresh; Ramakrishna Seeram;

  • 作者单位

    PSG Inst Adv Studies Nanobiotechnol Lab Coimbatore 641004 Tamil Nadu India;

    PSG Inst Adv Studies Nanobiotechnol Lab Coimbatore 641004 Tamil Nadu India;

    Ngee Ann Polytech EWTCOI Singapore 599489 Singapore;

    Natl Univ Singapore Dept Mech Engn Ctr Nanofibers &

    Nanotechnol Singapore 117576 Singapore;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 化学;
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