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首页> 外文期刊>Optics Letters >Photon-counting 3D integral imaging with less than a single photon per pixel on average using a statistical model of the EM-CCD camera
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Photon-counting 3D integral imaging with less than a single photon per pixel on average using a statistical model of the EM-CCD camera

机译：光子计数3D，使用EM-CCD摄像机的统计模型平均每像素小于单个光子的整体成像

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摘要

We investigate photon-counting 3D integral imaging (PCII) with an electron multiplying charged-coupled device (EM-CCD) camera using dedicated statistical models. Using conventional integral imaging reconstruction methods with this camera in photon-counting conditions may result in degraded reconstructed image quality if multiple photons are detected simultaneously in a given pixel. We propose an estimation method derived from the photon detection statistical model of the EM-CCD to address the problems caused by multiple photons detected at the same pixel and provide improved 3D reconstructions. We also present a simplified version of this statistical method that can be used under the correct conditions. The imaging performance of these methods is evaluated on experimental data by the peak signal-to-noise ratio and the structural similarity index measure. The experiments demonstrate that 3D integral imaging substantially outperforms 2D imaging in degraded conditions. Furthermore, we achieve imaging in photon-counting conditions where, on average, less than a single photon per pixel is detected by the camera. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of PCII with the EM-CCD camera employing its statistical model in 3D reconstruction of PCII. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America
机译：我们使用专用统计模型将光子计数3D整体成像（PCII）与电子乘以带电耦合的装置（EM-CCD）相机进行调查。如果在给定像素中同时检测到多个光子，则在光子计数条件下使用具有该相机的传统积分成像重建方法可以导致重建的重建图像质量。我们提出了一种估计方法，从EM-CCD的光子检测统计模型导出，以解决在相同像素处检测到的多个光子引起的问题，并提供改进的3D重建。我们还提供了一种简化版本的这种统计方法，可以在正确的条件下使用。通过峰值信噪比和结构相似度指标测量对实验数据进行这些方法的成像性能。实验表明，3D整体成像在降解条件下显着优于2D成像。此外，我们在光子计数条件下实现成像，其中相机检测到平均小于每像素的单个光子。据我们所知，这是PCII与EM-CCD摄像头的第一个报告，采用其在PCII的三维重建中的统计模型。 （c）2020美国光学学会

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