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首页> 外文期刊>Social science and medicine >Young Africans' social representations of rape in their HIV-related creative narratives, 2005-2014: Rape myths and alternative narratives
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Young Africans' social representations of rape in their HIV-related creative narratives, 2005-2014: Rape myths and alternative narratives

机译：年轻的非洲人的艾滋病相关创意叙事中强奸的社会代表性，2005 - 2014年：强奸神话和替代叙述

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摘要

Sexual violence is both a major human rights issue and an important driver of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. While quantitative indicators of sexual violence have evolved to facilitate cross-national comparison and country-level decision making, qualitative findings typically remain constrained to single sites and populations. We analyzed social representations of sexual violence, specifically rape, in a sample of 1446 narratives about HIV written by young Africans between 2005 and 2014. The narratives were written at 5 discrete time points (2005, 2008, 2011, 2013 and 2014) by equal numbers of males and females aged 10-24 in urban and rural areas of Swaziland, Kenya, South-East Nigeria, Burkina Faso and Senegal. We combined three analytical approaches: descriptive statistics of quantifiable characteristics of the narratives, thematic data analysis, and a narrativebased approach. Violent rapes by strangers occur in all country samples, but in Nigerian narratives the 'immoral' behavior of female characters facilitates these attacks. Swazi narratives, in contrast, often depict familial rapes that include disclosure and service seeking as key components of the rape scenario. The social representations found in the narrative data reflect rape myths, which, at the socio-cultural level, serve to trivialize sexual violence by minimizing or justifying aggression, thus shifting blame to victims and absolving perpetrators of blame. Additionally, these social representations conflict with self-report data from Violence Against Children surveys conducted in Swaziland (2007), Kenya (2010) and Nigeria (2014) in that they depict perpetrators primarily as strangers or family members as opposed to romantic partners; however, social representations and self-report concur regarding barriers to disclosure and service seeking for victims. The Swazi narratives offer potential models for the framing of sexual violence in ways that promote disclosure and support for survivors and counteract harmful rape myths.
机译：性暴力是撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒感染的主要人权问题，也是艾滋病毒感染的重要司机。虽然性暴力的定量指标已经发展，以促进跨国比较和国家级决策，但定性结果通常仍然受到单一地点和人口的限制。我们分析了性暴力，特别是强奸的社会陈述，在2005年至2014年期间的年轻非洲人撰写的艾滋病毒叙事的样本中。叙事是由平等的5个离散时间点（2005年，2008年，2011,2013和2014）编写的10-24岁的男性数量和女性在斯威士兰，肯尼亚，东南尼日利亚，布基纳法索和塞内加尔的城乡。我们组合了三种分析方法：叙事，专题数据分析和叙事方法的可量化特征的描述性统计。陌生人的暴力强奸发生在所有国家样本中，但在尼日利亚叙述中，女性角色的“不道德”行为有助于这些攻击。相比之下，斯威士利术语往往描绘了包括披露和服务寻求作为强奸情景的关键组成部分的家族推荐。在叙事数据中发现的社会代表性反映了强奸神话，在社会文化层面，即通过最大限度地减少或辩护侵略而使性暴力进行维持，从而将责任转移到受害者和避免责任犯罪者。此外，这些社会陈述与来自斯威士兰（2007年），肯尼亚（2010）和尼日利亚（2014年）进行的儿童调查的自我报告数据冲突，因为他们认为肇事者主要是陌生人或家庭成员而不是浪漫的合作伙伴;但是，有关披露和服务寻求受害者的障碍的社会陈述和自我报告的同意。斯威士利叙述为促进披露和支持幸存者的方式提供性暴力框架的潜在模型，并抵制有害强奸神话。

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