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Gender and the language of pain in chronic and terminal illness: A corpus-based discourse analysis of patients' narratives

机译：性别与慢性和终末疾病疼痛的语言：患者叙事的基于语料库的话语分析

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Drawing on the notion of gender as a socially constructed category performed inter alia through language, this study examines the ways in which women and man use language to do person-in-pain in real-life interactions about chronic and terminal illness. It is based on a secondary analysis of a large corpus of health and illness narratives collected by the Health Experiences Research Group at the University of Oxford and published by the DIPEx charity. Sixteen chronic and terminal conditions were identified in which men and women talked about physical pain and their narratives examined using the linguistic approach of a corpus-assisted discourse analysis. Our study shows that there are significant quantitative and qualitative differences in the ways in which women and men report pain pointing to the existence of distinctive feminine and masculine lexical repertoires of pain talk. While these repertoires conform to some of the dominant societal stereotypes surrounding masculinity and femininity, they also transgress those. Women refer to pain more frequently and have a wider lexical repertoire for pain reporting. They use more specific and factual references as well as cognitive and psychological words in their pain talk. In contrast, men tend to use fewer descriptors in general, most of which are highly emotive suggesting that they report pain when it becomes unbearable enduring it until this point. There is also a conspicuous absence of references to psychological processes in the male narratives and the focus is on pain killers. Understanding this nuanced role of gender in communicating pain can help health professionals respond effectively to people's talk about pain and develop more holistic practices in pain consultation, assessment and treatment leading potentially to the reduction of gender biases and inequalities in healthcare.
机译：本研究介绍了作为除其他外的社会构建的类别作为社会构建的类别，这项研究审查了女性和人类使用语言对慢性和终端疾病的真实相互作用进行痛苦的方式。它基于牛津大学健康经验研究小组收集的大型健康和疾病叙事叙事的二级分析，并由Dipex慈善公布。确定了16个慢性和终端条件，其中男性和女性谈到了物理疼痛及其叙述，使用语料库辅助话语分析的语言方式检验。我们的研究表明，妇女和男子报告疼痛的方式存在显着的定量和定性差异，指向疼痛谈话的独特女性和男性词汇曲目的存在。虽然这些曲目符合阳刚地和女性气质的一些主要的社会刻板印象，但它们也违反了那些。女性更频繁地提到疼痛，并有一个更广泛的词汇曲目进行疼痛报告。他们在痛苦的谈话中使用更具体的和事实的参考以及认知和心理词汇。相比之下，男性倾向于使用较少的描述符，一般来说，大多数人都是高度情绪化的，表明他们在难以忍受的持续期之前报告疼痛，直到这一点。在男性叙述中也有显着的缺乏对心理过程的参考，重点是止痛药。了解性别在沟通痛苦中的这种细节作用可以帮助健康专业人员有效地应对人们谈论痛苦，并在痛苦咨询，评估和治疗中发展更多的整体实践，潜在地减少医疗保健的性别偏见和不平等。

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