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首页> 外文期刊>Physics in medicine and biology. >Theoretical analysis of angular distribution of scattering in nozzle components using a response-function method for proton spot-scanning therapy
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Theoretical analysis of angular distribution of scattering in nozzle components using a response-function method for proton spot-scanning therapy

机译：用响应 - 扫描治疗响应函数法对喷嘴组分散射角分布的理论分析

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摘要

In spot-scanning proton therapy, highly precise beam control is required in the treatment nozzle such that the proton beam does not spread out during transportation by restraining the divergence of the beam angle and spot size, simultaneously. In order to evaluate the beam-broadening behaviour induced by passing through the various nozzle components, we have developed a new method to calculate the angular divergence profile of a proton beam in the nozzle. The angular divergence of the proton beam for each nozzle component is calculated by the Monte Carlo simulation code, Geant4, assuming that the initial beam has no divergence. The angular divergence profiles generated in the various nozzle components are then fitted by the analytic function formula with triple Gaussian distributions. The fitted profiles can be treated like analytic response functions and the angular divergence profile in the nozzle can be easily and systematically calculated by using a convolution theorem. The beam-broadening behaviour during transportation in the nozzle is carefully evaluated. The beam profiles are well-characterized by the proposed angular divergence analysis, i.e. triple Gaussian profile analysis. The primary Gaussian part of the beam profile is mainly generated by air and dose monitors with plate electrode components. The secondary and tertiary Gaussian parts are so-called wide-angle scattering and generated mainly by spot-position and profile monitors with metal window and wire components. The scattering of the nozzle component can be analysed using the proposed response function method for the angular distribution. Multiple convolved angular scattering can be determined from the response function of the individual nozzle components. The angular distribution from small to large angle regions can then be quantitatively evaluated by the proposed method. The method is quite simple and generalized, and is a straightforward way to understand the nozzle and component characteristics related to the beam-broadening behaviour.
机译：在扫描质子疗法中，在处理喷嘴中需要高精度梁控制，使得通过抑制光束角度和光斑尺寸的偏差，质子束在运输过程中不会散布。为了评估通过各种喷嘴组件引起的光束扩展行为，我们开发了一种新方法来计算喷嘴中的质子梁的角度分布。假设初始光束没有发散，每个喷嘴部件的质子束的角度分散由蒙特卡罗模拟代码计算。然后，在各种喷嘴部件中产生的角度分配型材由具有三重高斯分布的分析函数公式装配。拟合的轮廓可以像分析响应函数一样处理，并且通过使用卷积定理可以容易地和系统地计算喷嘴中的角度发散轮廓。仔细评估喷嘴运输过程中的光束扩展行为。梁轮廓通过所提出的角分解分析，即三重高斯剖面分析。光束轮廓的主要高斯部分主要由空气和剂量监测器产生具有板电极部件的。次级和三士的高斯部件是所谓的广角散射，主要由带有金属窗和线材部件的点位置和型材监视器产生。可以使用用于角度分布的所提出的响应功能方法来分析喷嘴组件的散射。可以从各个喷嘴部件的响应功能确定多个卷积的角散射。然后可以通过所提出的方法定量地评估从小到大角度区域的角分布。该方法非常简单和广义，是理解与光束扩展行为有关的喷嘴和组件特性的直接途径。

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