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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in anaesthesiology >Understanding anesthesia through functional imaging.
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Understanding anesthesia through functional imaging.

机译：通过功能成像了解麻醉。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review will highlight the recent functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomogram scan and connectivity studies in anesthesia and analgesia. RECENT FINDINGS: In regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies with isoflurane and sevoflurane, there is a consistent pattern of rise in rCBF in the anterior cingulate cortex and insula while the thalamus, lingual cortex and cerebellum show a decrease in rCBF, in a dose range of 0.2-1 minimum alveolar concentration. Even 0.25 minimum alveolar concentration causes a predominant decrease of rCBF in the cortical regions and increase of rCBF in the subcortical regions. This minimum alveolar concentration level primarily affects the association cortices. Thalamus and thalamo-cortical pathways seem to be linked to the hypnotic effects of anesthesia and deep sedation. Connectivity studies also confirm this. The electroencephalogram equivalent of this appears to be a transition from 'alpha' wave activity to 'delta' wave activity. Anterior cingulate cortex, S1 and S2 are the regions consistently activated in acute pain. Remifentanil infusion in acute pain decreases the activation in pain perception regions while activating the pain modulation regions. In chronic pain states, prefrontal cortex and insula are activated whereas there is a decrease in activity in the thalamus. SUMMARY: Slowly, a pattern of neuronal activity reflecting hypnosis, analgesia, amnesia and reflex suppression seems to be emerging giving us a better insight into the central nervous system effects of anesthesia.
机译：审查的目的：这次审查将重点介绍麻醉和镇痛方面的最新功能磁共振成像，正电子发射断层扫描和连通性研究。最近的研究结果：在异氟烷和七氟醚的局部脑血流量（rCBF）研究中，前扣带回皮质和岛中rCBF呈持续升高的模式，而丘脑，舌皮质和小脑在一定剂量下rCBF呈下降趋势最低肺泡浓度范围为0.2-1。即使最低0.25的肺泡浓度也会导致皮质区域的rCBF显着降低，而皮质下区域的rCBF则显着增加。最低肺泡浓度水平主要影响缔合皮层。丘脑和丘脑皮质途径似乎与麻醉和深度镇静的催眠作用有关。连接性研究也证实了这一点。等效的脑电图似乎是从“α”波活动到“δ”波活动的过渡。扣带回前皮，S1和S2是急性疼痛中持续激活的区域。瑞芬太尼在急性疼痛中的输注减少了疼痛感知区域的激活，同时激活了疼痛调节区域。在慢性疼痛状态下，前额叶皮层和岛状岛被激活，而丘脑的活动减少。摘要：慢慢地，一种反映催眠，镇痛，健忘和反射抑制的神经元活动模式似乎正在出现，这使我们能够更好地了解麻醉对中枢神经系统的影响。

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