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首页> 外文期刊>Physical chemistry chemical physics: PCCP >Visualization of structural evolution and phase distribution of a lithium vanadium oxide (Li1.1V3O8) electrode via an operando and in situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction technique
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Visualization of structural evolution and phase distribution of a lithium vanadium oxide (Li1.1V3O8) electrode via an operando and in situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction technique

机译：通过操作道德和原位能量分散X射线衍射技术可视化氧化钒（Li1.1V3O8）电极的结构演化和相位分布

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摘要

Li1+nV3O8 (n = 0-0.2) has been extensively investigated as a cathode material for Li ion batteries because of its superior electrochemical properties including high specific energy and good rate capability. In this paper, a synchrotron based energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) technique was employed to profile the phase transitions and the spatial phase distribution of a Li1.1V3O8 electrode during electrochemical (de)lithiation in situ and operando. As annealing temperature during the preparation of the Li1.1V3O8 material has a strong influence on the morphology and crystallinity, and consequently influences the electrochemical outcomes of the material, Li1.1V3O8 materials prepared at two different temperatures, 500 and 300 degrees C (LVO500 and LVO300), were employed in this study. The EDXRD spectra of LVO500 and LVO300 cells pre-discharged at C/18, C/40 and C/150 were recorded in situ, and phase localization and relative intensity of the peaks were compared. For cells discharged at the C/18 rate, although alpha and beta phases were distributed uniformly within the LVO500 electrode, they were localized on two sides of the LVO300 electrode. Discharging rates of C/40 and C/150 led to homogeneous b phase formation in both LVO500 and LVO300 electrodes. Furthermore, the phase distribution as a function of position and (de)lithiation extent was mapped operando as the LVO500 cell was (de)lithiated. The operando data indicate that (1) the lithiation reaction initiated from the side of the electrode facing the Li anode and proceeded towards the side facing the steel can, (2) during discharge the phase transformation from a Li-poor to a Li-rich alpha phase and the formation of a beta phase can proceed simultaneously in the electrode after the first formation of a b phase, and (3) the structural evolution occurring during charging is not the reverse of that during discharge and takes place homogenously throughout the electrode.
机译：Li1 + NV3O8（n = 0-0.2）已被广泛研究作为Li离子电池的阴极材料，因为其高卓越的电化学性能，包括具有高特定能量和良好的速率能力。本文采用了一种基于同步的能量色散X射线衍射（EDXRD）技术来划分电化学（DE）锂化期间Li1.1V3O8电极的相变和空间相分布。作为退火温度在制备Li1.1V3O8材料期间对形态和结晶度产生强烈影响，因此影响了在两个不同温度，500和300℃（LVO500和300度）的材料中制备的材料的电化学结果，Li1.1v3O8材料（LVO500和LVO300）在本研究中使用。在C / 18，C / 40和C / 150处预排出的LVO500和LVO300细胞的EDXRD光谱以原位记录，并比较峰的相位定位和相对强度。对于以C / 18速率排出的细胞，尽管α和β相均匀地分布在LVO500电极内，但它们在LVO300电极的两侧定位。 C / 40和C / 150的放电速率导致LVO500和LVO300电极中的均匀B相形成。此外，随着LVO500电池（DE）锂化，将相位分布作为位置和（de）锂化程度的函数分布是映射的。操作寿数据表示（1）从面向Li阳极的电极侧发起的锂化反应，并朝向面向钢的侧面进展，（2）在将相变从Li-Poct到锂富有的相变α相和β相的形成可以在第一形成AB相之后同时进行在电极中，并且（3）在充电期间发生的结构演化并不是在放电期间的相反，并且在整个电极中均匀发生。

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