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Microcanonical analysis of Boltzmann and Gibbs entropies in trapped cold atomic gases

机译:陷入困境的冷原子气体的博尔兹曼和吉布斯熵的微常分析

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We analyze a gas of noninteracting fermions confined to a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential, with the aim of distinguishing between two proposed definitions of the thermodynamic entropy in the microcanonical ensemble, namely the standard Boltzmann entropy and the Gibbs (or volume) entropy. The distinction between these two definitions is crucial for systems with an upper bound on allowed energy levels, where the Boltzmann definition can lead to the notion of negative absolute temperature. Although negative temperatures do not exist for the system of fermions studied here, we still find a significant difference between the Boltzmann and Gibbs entropies, and between the corresponding temperatures with the Gibbs temperature being closer (for small particle number) to the temperature based on a grand canonical picture. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:我们分析了一个限制在一维谐波振荡器电位的非交互性污物的气体,目的是区分微常规集合中的热力学熵的两个提出定义,即标准的Boltzmann熵和吉布斯(或体积)熵。 这两个定义之间的区别对于具有允许的能量水平的上限的系统至关重要,其中Boltzmann定义可以导致负绝对温度的概念。 虽然在这里研究的费米物系统不存在负面温度,但我们仍然在Boltzmann和Gibbs熵之间找到显着差异,并且在吉布斯温度与基于a的温度更接近(小粒子数)的相应温度之间存在显着差异。 大规范图片。 (c)2019 Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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