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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Wild Gossypium anomalum: a unique source of fibre fineness and strength
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Wild Gossypium anomalum: a unique source of fibre fineness and strength

机译：野棉异常：纤维细度和强度的独特来源

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The improvement in textile spinning machinery has an important impact upon the entire cotton fibre business, particularly in the demand for high quality cotton fibre. Genetic improvement of fibre quality traits, viz. length, strength, fineness, maturity and uniformity is vital to meeting the challenge of the textile industry. Amongst wild Gossypium L. species, the African Gossypium anomalum Waw. & Peyr. (2n = 2x = 26; B1B1) produces cotton with good fibre strength and fineness coupled with resistance to pest and diseases. The seed hairs of Gossypium anomalum are short and non-convoluted and are fully thickened with secondary cellulose deposition, and possess low fibre weight due to thinness of wall. X-ray crystallography and crystallinity index studies showed that Gossypium anomalum has highest fibre strength with highest crystallinity index due to maximum cellulose deposition. Either inter se mating among selected BC1F1 plants or a second backcross of the elite plants to the cultivated parent was found effective in improving the recovery of desirable segregants. Intercrossing of plants selected in F-2 or BC2 from large populations result in enhancement of variability and rapid accumulation of favourable genes for the improvement of biochemical traits, disease resistance and for developing germ-plasm pools. Examination of single plant for fibre weight and swollen hair diameter and pursuing selection for fineness with economic attributes is necessary to avoid loss of fibre strength and fineness during subsequent generations. Intermating of several synthetic hexaploids increases the variability, fertility and recombination potential. Utilization of Gossypium anomalum to impart fineness (low fibre weight) with high maturity to Gossypium arboreum L. yielded commendable results. If Bt gene is incorporated into this hybrid, it can be an excellent source of bollworm tolerance coupled with superior fibre properties and yield.
机译：纺织纺纱机械的改进对整个棉纤维业务具有重要影响，特别是对高质量棉纤维的需求。纤维品质性状的遗传改良，即。长度，强度，细度，成熟度和均匀度对于应对纺织行业的挑战至关重要。在野生棉L.种中，非洲棉异常Waw。 ＆Peyr。 （2n = 2x = 26; B1B1）生产的棉具有良好的纤维强度和纤度，并具有抗病虫害的能力。棉花异常的种子发短且不卷曲，并且由于二次纤维素沉积而充分增稠，并且由于壁薄而具有低的纤维重量。 X射线晶体学和结晶度指数研究表明，由于最大的纤维素沉积，棉兰异常具有最高的纤维强度和最高的结晶度指数。发现在选定的BC1F1植物之间进行交配，或将优良植物与栽培亲本进行第二次回交均可有效提高所需分离剂的回收率。在F-2或BC2中从大量种群中选出的植物相互交配，可增强变异性并迅速积累有利基因，从而改善生化特性，抗病性和发展种质库。为了避免在随后的世代中纤维强度和细度的损失，必须对单株植物进行纤维重量和肿胀直径的检查，并选择具有经济属性的细度。几种合成六倍体的确定增加了变异性，繁殖力和重组潜力。利用棉座异常赋予细度（低纤维重量）和高成熟度，达到了很高的效果。如果将Bt基因掺入该杂种中，它可能是优良的棉铃虫抗性来源，同时具有优异的纤维特性和产量。

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