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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Molecular surveillance of drug-resistant malaria in India
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Molecular surveillance of drug-resistant malaria in India

机译：印度耐药疟疾的分子监测

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Drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasite poses a great problem for the malaria control programme of any country. The most commonly used antimalarial drugs, viz. chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyri-methamine (SP) have been rendered ineffective and are replaced by the artesunate-based combination therapy (ACT). In India, artesunate is combined with SP (ASP). Nevertheless, CQ is continued to be used. Therefore, Indian P. falciparum population continues to be under CQ and SP pressure. Molecular surveillance should be used to keep track of the drug-resistant parasite population in the field for better implementation of the drug policy. By employing molecular markers, we have generated a large body of data on the status of CQ and SP resistance-associated mutations in Indian P. falciparum population. These data revealed a regional variation in the frequency of the parasite with mutant allele of the selected drug resistance marker. The mutations in these markers were found to be fixed in the parasite population as the microsatellites flanking the mutant alleles showed reduced genetic variation. However, the selection valley of the reduced genetic variation in these flanking microsatellites was narrower for the Indian isolates than that reported for the African or South East Asian population, thereby indicating a lower selection pressure on Indian parasite population. The origin of the drug-resistant parasite in India seems to be from South East Asia. Increased parasite population with higher number of mutations associated with antifolate resistance should be a cause of concern as ACT in India has the SP component.
机译：耐药性恶性疟原虫对任何国家的疟疾控制计划都构成很大的问题。最常用的抗疟药，即。氯喹（CQ）和磺胺多辛-吡啶-甲胺（SP）已失效，已被基于青蒿琥酯的联合治疗（ACT）取代。在印度，青蒿琥酯与SP（ASP）结合使用。尽管如此，仍继续使用CQ。因此，印度恶性疟原虫种群继续受到CQ和SP的压力。为了更好地执行禁毒政策，应使用分子监视来跟踪现场的耐药性寄生虫种群。通过使用分子标记，我们已经获得了大量有关印度恶性疟原虫种群中CQ和SP抗性相关突变状态的数据。这些数据揭示了所选药物抗性标记的突变等位基因与寄生虫发生频率的区域差异。发现这些标记中的突变固定在寄生虫种群中，因为突变等位基因侧翼的微卫星显示出降低的遗传变异。然而，这些侧翼微卫星中遗传变异降低的选择谷对印度分离株比对非洲或东南亚种群报道的要窄，从而表明对印度寄生虫种群的选择压力较低。印度的抗药性寄生虫起源似乎是东南亚。由于印度的ACT具有SP成分，因此与抗叶酸药物耐药性相关的突变数量增加的寄生虫种群数量增加应引起关注。

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