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Characterization and crop planning of rabi fallows using remote sensing and GIS

机译：使用遥感和GIS对狂犬病休耕地进行表征和作物规划

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Rice is the principal crop during kharif (rainy) season in eastern India, which occupies 26.8 M ha accounting for 63.3% of the total rice-growing areas of the country. However, this area is not fully utilized for crop production in the subsequent rabi (post-rainy) season and kept fallow due to a number of biotic, abiotic and socio-economic constraints. If this rabi fallow area can be effectively utilized, it will help in improving the economy of this region, which is yet to be benefited from the green revolution. The objectives of the present study include: (i) delineation of rabi fallow areas of eastern India using remote sensing and GIS technique; (ii) characterization of soil resources of the rabi fallow regions, and (iii) suggesting site-specific crop planning for this region. It was estimated that about 12.54 M ha area in the rabi season is left fallow in eastern India. The soil properties like soil texture, soil moisture retention at field capacity and permanent wilting point, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon, etc. were determined at the representative profiles distributed in different agro-ecological sub-regions (AESRs) of this region and mapped in a GIS environment. Using water balance studies, site-specific crop planning based on available residual soil moisture has been suggested. In most of the AESRs, pulses and oil-seeds like green gram, black gram, Sesamum and mustard can be grown successfully on residual soil moisture content. Crops which suffer from water deficit during maturity stages can also be grown during rabi season with one or two supplemental irrigations, wherever possible. If the site-specific constraints to crop production can be alleviated and these fallow lands can be brought under cultivation through proper crop planning as suggested, poverty in this resourceful region can be eradicated to a great extent.
机译：水稻是印度东部卡里夫（雨季）的主要农作物，占2680万公顷，占该国稻米总面积的63.3％。但是，该地区在随后的狂犬病（雨后）季节没有得到充分利用，由于许多生物，非生物和社会经济因素的限制，该地区一直处于休耕状态。如果可以有效利用这个荒凉的休憩区，将有助于改善该地区的经济，而绿色革命尚未使该地区受益。本研究的目标包括：（i）使用遥感和GIS技术确定印度东部的狂犬病休憩区; （ii）表征狂犬病休耕地区的土壤资源，以及（iii）建议对该地区进行特定地点的作物规划。据估计，在印度东部，狂犬病季节约有12.54百万公顷的土地被闲置。在分布于不同农业生态子区域的代表性剖面图上确定了土壤特性，例如土壤质地，田间持水量和永久枯萎点处的土壤水分，饱和导水率，土壤pH，电导率，土壤有机碳等。该区域的AESR）并映射到GIS环境中。通过水平衡研究，已经提出了基于可用的残留土壤水分的特定地点的作物计划。在大多数AESR中，豆芽和油料种子（如绿克，黑克，芝麻和芥末）可以在土壤残留水分的基础上成功生长。成熟期缺水的农作物也可以在狂犬病季节尽可能地进行一两次补充灌溉。如果可以缓解特定地点对作物生产的限制，并且可以按照建议通过适当的作物计划将这些休耕地进行耕种，则可以在很大程度上消除这个资源丰富地区的贫困。

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