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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Flower sex expression in cucurbit crops of Kerala: implications for pollination and fruitset
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Flower sex expression in cucurbit crops of Kerala: implications for pollination and fruitset

机译：喀拉拉邦葫芦作物中的花性表达：对授粉和果实的影响

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Cucurbits are monoecious in general; the female flowers occur lower than the male flowers in fields. Often farmers are not aware of this type of sex expression, and are concerned about the low fruit set despite 'profuse' flowering and abundant pollinators in the crop fields. We assessed flower sex expression during the peak (female) flowering and fruiting period in three widely grown cucurbit crops, Cucurbita maxima, Benincasa hispida and Momordica charantia in a village ecosystem of northern Kerala. Sex expression was male-biased in two species. In M. charantia, 97.65% of the flowers produced were staminate. In this condition, the farmers should ensure that effective pollinators are available in plenty to achieve maximum fruit set from the low number of pistillate flowers. C. maxima produced an average of 75.39% of staminate flowers, which varied across the fields; three fields consistently produced 100% pistillate flowers in all the 14 days of observations. The fruit set in fields with only pistillate flowers is likely to be affected by pollen limitation, rather than pollinator limitation. These fields may require supplementary manual pollination to enhance the fruit set. B. hispida produced more or less equal proportion of staminate and pistillate flowers across the fields and days studied. This kind of information may help the farmers to manage pollination services in their fields as well as to predict a realistic yield.
机译：葫芦一般是雌雄同体的。在田间，雌花比雄花低。农民通常不了解这种性别表达方式，并担心果实结实程度低，尽管开花“丰盛”且农作物中的传粉媒介丰富。我们评估了喀拉拉邦北部乡村生态系统中三种广泛生长的葫芦科作物（最大葫芦科植物，Benincasa hispida和Momordica charantia）在高峰（女性）开花和结果期的花性表达。在两个物种中，性别表达偏向男性。在M. charantia中，所产生的花中有97.65％是发芽的。在这种情况下，农民应确保有足够的有效传粉媒介，以从较少的雌蕊花中获得最大的结实率。 C. maxima平均产生75.39％的雄蕊花，这些花在田间变化。在所有的14天观察中，三个田地始终产生100％的雌花。在只有雌蕊花的田间结实的果实可能受花粉限制的影响，而不是受授粉媒介的限制。这些田地可能需要补充人工授粉以增强坐果。在研究的田地和天中，双歧杆菌（B. hispida）产生的雌花和雌蕊花的比例差不多。这种信息可以帮助农民管理其田间的授粉服务以及预测实际产量。

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