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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Androgenic haploids: factors controlling development and its application in crop improvement.
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Androgenic haploids: factors controlling development and its application in crop improvement.

机译：雄激素单倍体：控制发育的因素及其在作物改良中的应用。

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摘要

Androgenesis in flowering plants is a unique biological process. It provides an understanding of the biological basis of single-cell microspore embryogenesis to the production of a dihaploid plant. This system provides an unparalleled opportunity to shorten the breeding cycle and fix agronomic traits in the homozygous state, such as recessive genes for disease resistance. The most desirable dihaploid variation in all the major crops, including rice, wheat, barley, maize, rape, cotton, sunflower and coffee, has already been developed and utilized in modern crop breeding. Many known and a few unknown factors are involved in such development. A few noteworthy factors are donor plants, genotypic variation, media composition, and handling of cultures, which may have a greater influence on the response of androgenesis. A further opportunity has arisen to use a pollen-specific gene, promoter and transgenic dihaploid (homozygous), gene expression, proteomics, translational regulation and post-translational modification of genes to widen the scope of crop improvement. The homozygous (isogenic) lines will provide unique genetic materials for mapping populations for use in functional genomics and molecular breeding..
机译：开花植物中的雄激素生成是独特的生物学过程。它提供了对单细胞小孢子胚胎发生对二倍体植物生产的生物学基础的理解。该系统提供了无与伦比的机会，可以缩短繁殖周期并在纯合状态下固定农艺性状，例如用于疾病抗性的隐性基因。在所有主要农作物，包括水稻，小麦，大麦，玉米，油菜，棉花，向日葵和咖啡中，最理想的单倍体变异已被开发并用于现代农作物育种。这种发展涉及许多已知因素和一些未知因素。一些值得注意的因素是供体植物，基因型变异，培养基组成和培养物处理，这可能对雄激素生成的反应有更大的影响。已经出现了使用花粉特异性基因，启动子和转基因二倍体（纯合子），基因表达，蛋白质组学，翻译调控和基因的翻译后修饰来扩大作物改良范围的机会。纯合（等基因）系将提供独特的遗传材料，用于定位可用于功能基因组学和分子育种的种群。

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