Reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings are the most common type of constructions in urban India, which are subjected to several types of forces during their lifetime, such as static forces due to dead and live loads and dynamic forces due to wind and earthquakes. Unlike static forces, amplitude, direction and location of dynamic forces, especially due to earthquakes, vary significantly with time, causing considerable inertia effects on buildings. Behaviour of buildings under dynamic forces dependsupon the dynamic characteristics of buildings which are controlled by both their mass and stiffness properties, whereas the static behaviour is solely dependent upon the stiffness characteristics.
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