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首页> 外文期刊>Current sports medicine reports. >The effect of anabolic steroids on the gastrointestinal system, kidneys, and adrenal glands.
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The effect of anabolic steroids on the gastrointestinal system, kidneys, and adrenal glands.

机译：合成代谢类固醇对胃肠系统，肾脏和肾上腺的影响。

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Over the past several decades we have seen an increase in the prevalence of anabolic steroid use by athletes. Because use of anabolic steroids is illicit, much of our knowledge of their side effects is derived from case reports, retrospective studies, or comparisons with studies in other similar patient groups. It has been shown that high-dose anabolic steroids have an effect on lowering high-density lipoprotein, increasing low-density lipoprotein, and increasing the atherogenic-promoting apolipoprotein A. Steroid abuse can also be hepatotoxic, promoting disturbances such as biliary stasis, peliosis hepatis, and even hepatomas, which are all usually reversible upon discontinuation. Suppression of the hypothalamic adrenal axis can also lead to profound adrenal changes that are also reversible with time. Although rare, renal side effects have also been documented, leading to acute renal failure and even Wilms' tumors in isolated cases. Much of our knowledge of these potentially severe but usually limitedside effects is confounded by use of combinations of different steroid preparations and by the concomitant use with other substances. Physicians must target their efforts at counseling adolescents and other athletes about the potential harms of androgenic anabolic steroids and the legal options to improve strength and performance.
机译：在过去的几十年中，我们发现运动员使用合成代谢类固醇的患病率呈上升趋势。因为合成代谢类固醇的使用是非法的，所以我们对它们的副作用的很多了解来自病例报告，回顾性研究或与其他相似患者组的研究的比较。研究表明，大剂量的合成代谢类固醇具有降低高密度脂蛋白，增加低密度脂蛋白和增加促动脉粥样硬化载脂蛋白A的作用。类固醇滥用也可能具有肝毒性，并引起诸如胆道淤积，骨质疏松等疾病肝炎，甚至肝癌，通常在停药后均可逆转。下丘脑肾上腺轴的抑制还可导致深刻的肾上腺变化，其也可随时间逆转。尽管很少见，但也有肾副作用的报道，在个别病例中会导致急性肾衰竭，甚至是威尔姆斯肿瘤。我们对这些潜在的严重但通常有限的副作用的很多了解，是由于混合使用了不同的类固醇制剂以及与其他物质并用而引起的。医师必须致力于为青少年和其他运动员提供有关雄激素合成代谢类固醇的潜在危害以及提高强度和性能的法律选择的咨询。

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