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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Increase in agricultural patch contiguity over the past three decades in Ganga River Basin, India
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Increase in agricultural patch contiguity over the past three decades in Ganga River Basin, India

机译：在过去的三十年中，印度恒河流域的农业斑块连续性增加

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摘要

Ganga River Basin (GRB) is the second most populous river basin in the world, which has been undergoing rapid land-use change during the last few decades. Here, we analyse the landscape dynamics in Indian GRB (IGRB) using three indices, i.e. class area, mean patch size and number of patches for 14 land-use and land-cover (LULC) classes using multi-temporal Landsat satellite datasets of 1975 and 2010. Major change was observed with the expansion of agricultural lands and human settlements and depletion of forests. Agricultural lands covered the highest area (>75%), where low to medium-sized patches have increased and patches with larger size have been slightly reduced in size oyer past decades. The highest increase in percentage of built-up land has been appropriately captured on medium-resolution satellite imageries using visual interpretation technique. Degradation and loss of forest areas were reported in terms of landscape indices; however, the increase of plantation is a positive sign in the basin. In general, we observed aggregation of agricultural patches and reduction of forest patches in small to medium patch sizes. We argue the utility of 'onscreen visual interpretation' technique in favour of LULC mapping to achieve absolute accuracy in such a heterogeneous landscape, as it incorporates interpreter's knowledge. We appreciate the free availability of Landsat imageries having very good radiometry that has opened the doors for exercises with minimum cost. Located in one of the most fertile regions of India, the basin acconimodates more than 400 million human population. This has led to expansion of agriculture and built-up land at the cost of forest and other land covers. Understanding landscape dynamics could help in designing an effective land-use policy for IGRB.
机译：恒河流域（GRB）是世界上人口第二大的流域，在过去的几十年中，土地利用一直在迅速变化。在这里，我们使用1975年的多时态Landsat卫星数据集，使用三个指数来分析印度GRB（IGRB）的景观动态，即类别面积，平均斑块大小和14个土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）类的斑块数量2010年和2010年，随着农业用地和人类住区的扩大以及森林的枯竭，发生了重大变化。在过去的几十年中，农业用地覆盖的面积最大（> 75％），其中中小面积的斑块增加了，较大尺寸的斑块的面积略有减少。使用视觉解释技术，已在中等分辨率的卫星图像上适当地捕获了最高的建筑用地百分比增长。根据景观指数报告了森林面积的退化和损失;但是，人工林的增加是流域的一个积极信号。总体而言，我们观察到中小规模的农业斑块聚集和森林斑块减少。我们认为“屏上视觉解释”技术的实用性有利于LULC映射，因为它结合了解释者的知识，因此可以在这种异构环境中实现绝对准确性。我们非常感谢免费提供的Landsat影像具有很好的辐射度，从而以最低的成本打开了进行练习的大门。该盆地位于印度最肥沃的地区之一，可容纳超过4亿人口。这导致以森林和其他土地覆盖为代价，扩大了农业和耕地面积。了解景观动态可能有助于为IGRB设计有效的土地使用政策。

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