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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in gastroenterology >Enteric nervous system neuropathy: repair and restoration.
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Enteric nervous system neuropathy: repair and restoration.

机译：肠神经系统神经病变：修复和恢复。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Disordered neurobiology of the enteric nervous system (ENS) underlies a broad assortment of idiopathic, acquired, and congenital pathophysiologies up and down the digestive tract. Progress in two major areas of regenerative medicine related to enteric neuropathy is summarized: new insight into how everyday damage to the ENS might be corrected by indwelling stem cells and prospects for patient-specific replacement of damaged or diseased intestine with one reproduced from pluripotent stem cells derived from embryos or reprogrammed adult cells. RECENT FINDINGS: Germinal centers with undifferentiated stem cells are in position outside ENS ganglia. Messages, which might be released after damage to the ENS or when neurons are lost, direct migration of stem cells into ENS ganglia where they differentiate into one or the other of the specialized classes of interneurons or motor neurons and become 'wired' into the synaptic circuits as neuronal replacements. Action of serotonin and the 5-hydroxytryptamine (HT)4 receptor subtype is a message that initiates the neuronal replacement and circuit restoration process. A reasonable facsimile of a functional intestine can be derived from pluripotent stem cells. SUMMARY: Emerging knowledge of cell and molecular biology of indwelling stem cells in the gut and strategies for application of pluripotential stem cells in patient-specific organ transplantation reflect an emergent revolution in understanding and treating disordered gut function when the underlying cause is ENS neuropathy.
机译：审查的目的：肠道神经系统（ENS）的神经生物学紊乱是消化道上下各种特发性，获得性和先天性病理生理的基础。总结了与肠神经病相关的再生医学的两个主要领域的进展：对如何通过留置干细胞纠正对ENS日常损害的新见解，以及用多能干细胞复制的一种患者特异性替代受损或患病肠道的前景来源于胚胎或重新编程的成年细胞。最近发现：具有未分化干细胞的生发中心位于ENS神经节外。信息可能在ENS受损后或神经元丢失后释放，它们直接将干细胞迁移到ENS神经节中，在那里它们分化成一种或另一种特殊的中间神经元或运动神经元，并“连接”到突触中电路替代神经元。血清素和5-羟色胺（HT）4受体亚型的作用是启动神经元置换和回路恢复过程的信息。可以从多能干细胞获得合理的功能性肠传真。简介：肠道内留存干细胞的细胞和分子生物学的新兴知识以及在患者特异性器官移植中应用多能干细胞的策略反映了当根本原因是ENS神经病时理解和治疗肠道功能紊乱的新兴革命。

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