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Endoscopic colorectal imaging and therapy

机译：内窥镜大肠成像和治疗

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Purpose of review Colorectal cancer screening and prevention is a pivotal element in every gastroenterologist practice. Recent advances in imaging technology and treatment opened the field for endoscopic management of large flat colorectal polyps and early cancer. Recent findings High-definition white light colonoscopy allowed for better characterization of colon polyps, particularly flat lesions. Chromoendoscopy facilitated the identification of colon polyps as well as better endoscopic polyp characterization, with strong correlation with final pathological diagnosis, opening the field of 'virtual' biopsy. One particular technology, confocal endomicroscopy can magnify an image approximately 1000 times resembling optical microscopy with very good correlation with histology. Endoscopic mucosal resection has gained great acceptance to manage flat colorectal polyps with the two major complications being bleeding and perforation, both now under 5% in experienced hands. Endoscopic submucosal resection was developed to increase en-bloc resection (less residual disease) of a flat colorectal lesion but one has to accept a higher perforation rate around 10%. Summary Current technology allows for better polyp identification and characterization, which can be managed endoscopically.
机译：审查目的大肠癌的筛查和预防是每位肠胃科医生实践中的关键要素。成像技术和治疗的最新进展为大型扁平结直肠息肉和早期癌症的内窥镜治疗开辟了领域。最新发现高清晰度白光结肠镜检查可以更好地表征结肠息肉，尤其是扁平病变。染色体内窥镜检查有助于结肠息肉的识别以及更好的内窥镜息肉特征，与最终的病理诊断有很强的相关性，为“虚拟”活检领域开辟了道路。共聚焦内窥镜检查是一种特殊的技术，可以将图像放大约1000倍，类似于光学显微镜检查，并且与组织学具有很好的相关性。内窥镜黏膜切除术已被广泛接受，用于治疗扁平结直肠息肉，其主要的两个并发症是出血和穿孔，目前经验丰富的双手均在5％以下。内镜下粘膜下切除术的开发是为了增加扁平结直肠病变的整体切除术（减少残留病），但必须接受更高的穿孔率约10％。总结当前的技术可以更好地识别和表征息肉，可以通过内窥镜进行管理。

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