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The colonic microbiota in health and disease

机译：健康与疾病中的结肠菌群

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diverse research interests have converged on the gut microbiota because of its contribution to immune development, mucosal homeostasis and to the pathogenesis of a diversity of intestinal and extraintestinal disorders. Recent landmark findings are addressed here. RECENT FINDINGS: The impact of lifestyle, including dietary changes and antibiotics, on the microbiota has been mechanistically linked with disease risk. Microbial, immune and metabolic signalling are mutually interactive, with each of these being regulated by diet. Although changes in the microbiota have been found in several disorders and may have important therapeutic implications, some components of the commensal microbiota may behave like pathogens (pathobionts) depending on the context and host susceptibility. SUMMARY: Advances in understanding host-microbe interactions in the gut continue apace, they are relevant to a diversity of infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic and metabolic disorders and are poised for clinical translation.
机译：审查的目的：由于肠道菌群对免疫发育，粘膜稳态以及肠道和肠外疾病的多种致病机理的贡献，因此对肠道菌群的研究兴趣集中在一起。此处介绍了近期的标志性发现。最近的发现：生活方式，包括饮食的变化和抗生素对微生物的影响，在机械上已与疾病风险联系在一起。微生物，免疫和代谢信号是相互相互作用的，饮食中的每一种都受到调节。尽管已经在几种疾病中发现了微生物群的变化，并且可能具有重要的治疗意义，但是共生微生物群的某些成分可能会像病原体（病原体）一样表现，具体取决于环境和宿主易感性。摘要：了解肠道中宿主-微生物相互作用的研究仍在继续，它们与多种传染性，炎性，肿瘤性和代谢性疾病有关，并准备进行临床翻译。

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