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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in gastroenterology >Intestinal absorption of water-soluble vitamins: an update.
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Intestinal absorption of water-soluble vitamins: an update.

机译：肠道吸收水溶性维生素：更新。

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摘要

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The molecular biology revolution has led to a significant improvement in our understanding of biological and physiological processes. Such expansion of knowledge has also covered the field of intestinal absorption of water-soluble vitamins and is the subject of this review. RECENT FINDINGS: Impressive progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms and regulation of transport of water-soluble vitamins at the cellular and molecular levels. In addition, the 5' regulatory regions of the genes that encode a number of the involved transporters have been cloned and characterized in vitro and in vivo in transgenic mice, thus providing important information about transcriptional regulation of these events. Furthermore, confocal imaging of live intestinal epithelial cells has led to significant progress in understanding the mechanisms involved in intracellular trafficking and membrane targeting of the carrier proteins and how clinical mutations lead to interference with transport. Finally, the identification in the large intestine of efficient and specialized carrier-mediated systems that are capable of absorbing a number of the bacterially synthesized vitamins (thiamin, folate, biotin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid) has raised the possibility that this source of vitamins may play a role in regulating (fine tuning) the normal body homeostasis of these vitamins, and especially the vitamin level in the local colonocytes. SUMMARY: Water-soluble vitamin absorption involves regulated and specific mechanisms. Interference with the function of these mechanisms may lead to deficiency. The large intestine is capable of absorbing water-soluble vitamins that are synthesized by the normal microflora.
机译：审查目的：分子生物学革命已使我们对生物学和生理过程的理解有了显着改善。这种知识的扩展还涵盖了水溶性维生素在肠内的吸收领域，并且是本综述的主题。最近的发现：在细胞和分子水平上对水溶性维生素运输的机理和调节的理解取得了令人印象深刻的进步。另外，已经在转基因小鼠中体外和体内克隆并表征了编码许多涉及的转运蛋白的基因的5'调节区，因此提供了有关这些事件的转录调节的重要信息。此外，活肠上皮细胞的共聚焦成像在了解参与细胞内运输和载体蛋白膜靶向的机制以及临床突变如何导致对运输的干扰方面取得了重大进展。最后，在大肠中鉴定出能够吸收许多细菌合成的维生素（硫胺素，叶酸，生物素，核黄素，泛酸）的有效且专门的载体介导的系统，增加了这种维生素来源可能在调节（微调）这些维生素的正常体内稳态，尤其是局部结肠细胞中的维生素水平方面发挥作用。摘要：水溶性维生素的吸收涉及调节和特定的机制。干扰这些机制的功能可能会导致缺陷。大肠能够吸收由正常菌群合成的水溶性维生素。

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