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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in lipidology >Characterization of apolipoprotein A-V structure and mode of plasma triacylglycerol regulation.
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Characterization of apolipoprotein A-V structure and mode of plasma triacylglycerol regulation.

机译：载脂蛋白AV结构的特征和血浆三酰甘油调节模式。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the USA, and hypertriglyceridemia represents an independent risk factor contributing to its premature onset. Apolipoprotein (apo)A-V has been shown to be a potent regulator of plasma triacylglycerol. We highlight structural aspects of apoA-V and discuss recent findings that provide mechanistic insight into its function as a regulator of plasma triacylglycerol metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings indicate that apoA-V is comprised of two independently folded domains. Fluorescence spectroscopy and truncation analysis revealed that the carboxyl-terminal region functions in apoA-V lipid binding, consistent with its known association with plasma lipoproteins. An indirect triacylglycerol-modulating effect of apoA-V has been attributed to heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding, as confirmed by structural studies. Furthermore, apoA-V has been shown to interact with cell surface receptors, potentially facilitating lipoprotein particle endocytosis. SUMMARY: Several features of apoA-V, including extremely low plasma concentration, lack of correlation with plasma cholesterol levels despite its association with HDL, and insolubility at neutral pH in the absence of lipid, are unlike those of other exchangeable apolipoproteins. Current and future studies of apoA-V will help to shed light on the molecular basis whereby this protein functions to modulate plasma lipid homeostasis.
机译：审查目的：在美国，心血管疾病是主要的死亡原因，而高甘油三酯血症是导致其过早发作的独立危险因素。载脂蛋白（apo）A-V已被证明是血浆三酰甘油的有效调节剂。我们重点介绍了apoA-V的结构方面，并讨论了最近的发现，这些发现为对其作为血浆三酰甘油代谢调节剂的功能提供了机械的见解。最近的发现：最近的发现表明apoA-V由两个独立折叠的域组成。荧光光谱和截短分析显示，羧基末端区域在apoA-V脂质结合中起作用，与其已知的与血浆脂蛋白的结合相一致。结构研究证实，apoA-V的间接三酰基甘油调节作用归因于硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖结合。此外，已经显示出载脂蛋白A-V与细胞表面受体相互作用，潜在地促进脂蛋白颗粒的内吞作用。简介：apoA-V的几个特征，包括极低的血浆浓度，尽管与HDL相关，却与血浆胆固醇水平无关，以及在没有脂质的情况下在中性pH下不溶，与其他可交换载脂蛋白不同。目前和将来对apoA-V的研究将有助于从分子的角度阐明该蛋白的功能，从而调节血浆脂质的稳态。

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