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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of physical chemistry, C. Nanomaterials and interfaces >Nucleation of Polyaniline Microspheres and Interconnected Nanostructures from Strongly Coupled Micelle-like Systems
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Nucleation of Polyaniline Microspheres and Interconnected Nanostructures from Strongly Coupled Micelle-like Systems

机译：聚苯胺微球的成核和来自强耦合胶束状系统的互连纳米结构

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摘要

A mechanistic study on the nucleation of aggregates exhibiting a weak intermolecular coupling and high molecular mobility for major components, exampled by an entity of aniline and salicylic acid in the preparation of polyaniline microspheres (PANI-NS) and interconnected structures (PANI-NC), is explored by in situ H-1 NMR experiments. Three different procedures, namely, hydration of the aniline salicylic acid (SA) entity, removal of the extra charges to the surroundings, and sphere-to-rod transitions, afford the smooth nucleation of products in characteristic morphologies. At the beginning, water plays a fundamental role in attenuating the high chemical potential system by hydrating both the aniline SA entity and the in situ formed protons in the reaction, and removing the latter to bulk water when the chemical potential increment from the in situ produced proton is at a low initially. The driving force for this process is the increased intermolecular distances between aniline and SA induced by the electrostatic repulsions between positively charged protons in the entity, which paves the pathway for water in bulk to diffuse into the system. When a large amount of protons have been released in the reaction, the high chemical potential can be lowered down by repulsing both large and small sized positive charges to the external surroundings through electrostatic interactions or a sphere-to-rod structural transition initiated by continuously formed oligomers sheathed at the exterior of the spheres, which affords the formation of PANI-NS and PANI-NC, respectively. The competition of the two depends on the relative amplitude between the releasing rate of the protons and the mechanical strength of the aniline-SA entity in the reaction. Our work demonstrates that in situ dynamic NMR experiments such as measurements of NOE and spin- lattice relaxation times, and line shape analysis, provide new perspective powers for resolving the formation profile and more importantly the driving forces for each procedure at the molecular scale.
机译：对具有弱分子偶联和主要成分的聚集体成核的机械研究，通过苯胺和水杨酸的实体在制备聚苯胺微球（PANI-NS）和相互连接的结构（PANI-NC）中来检查的主要组分的高分子迁移率。由原位H-1 NMR实验探索。三种不同的程序，即苯胺水杨酸（SA）实体的水合作，对周围环境的额外收费以及球形到杆过渡，提供了在特征形态中的顺利成核。在一开始，水在通过在反应中保湿苯胺SA实体和原位形成的质子来衰减高化学潜在体系的基本作用，并且当化学潜力从原位产生的化学潜力增加时，将后者移除后者将后者移除质子最初是低的。该方法的驱动力是通过在实体中带正电荷的质子之间的静电屈服之间的静电屈服诱导的苯胺和SA之间的分子间距增加，该抗正极的质子在体积中铺设水的途径以扩散到系统中。当反应中释放大量质子时，通过通过静电相互作用或通过连续形成的静电相互作用或球形杆结构转变来排斥大量和小的阳性电荷，可以降低高化学电位。覆盖在球体外部的低聚物，其分别为Pani-ns和Pani-nc的形成。两者的竞争取决于质子的释放速率与反应中的苯胺-SA实体的机械强度之间的相对振幅。我们的工作表明，原位动态NMR实验，例如NEE和旋转晶格弛豫时间的测量，以及线形状分析，提供用于解决地层型材的新的透视力，更重要地是分子尺度的每个程序的驱动力。

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