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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in lipidology >Sex-related differences in the regulation of macrophage cholesterol metabolism.
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Sex-related differences in the regulation of macrophage cholesterol metabolism.

机译：巨噬细胞胆固醇代谢调节的性别相关差异。

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Men have an earlier onset and higher incidence of coronary heart disease than women, independent of environmental risk factor exposure. As a consequence, there has been considerable interest in the potential role of sex hormones in atherogenesis. An emerging body of evidence suggests that sex-specific tissue and cellular characteristics may mediate sex-specific responses to a variety of stimuli. Recent studies have shown that oestrogen, progesterone and androgens all regulate processes integral to human macrophage foam cell formation, a key event in atherogenesis, in a sex-specific manner; findings that may have important implications for understanding the sex gap in atherosclerosis. Physiological levels of 17beta-estradiol and progesterone are both associated with a female-specific reduction in cholesteryl ester accumulation in human macrophages. By contrast, androgens increase cholesteryl ester formation in male but not in female donor human macrophages. This review summarizes current data concerning the sex-specific effects of sex hormones on processes important to macrophage foam cell formation and the basic mechanisms responsible for the sex specificity of such effects. Future research in this promising field may eventually lead to the novel concept of 'sex-specific' treatments directed at inhibiting atherogenesis.
机译：与女性相比，男性比女性有更早的发病和更高的冠心病发病率，而与环境危险因素的暴露无关。结果，人们对性激素在动脉粥样硬化中的潜在作用引起了极大的兴趣。越来越多的证据表明，针对性别的组织和细胞特征可能介导针对各种刺激的针对性别的反应。最近的研究表明，雌激素，孕激素和雄激素都以性别特异性的方式调节人类巨噬细胞泡沫细胞形成（动脉粥样硬化形成的关键事件）所必需的过程。这些发现可能对理解动脉粥样硬化中的性别差距具有重要意义。 17β-雌二醇和孕酮的生理水平均与女性巨噬细胞中胆固醇酯积累的女性特异性减少有关。相比之下，雄激素增加了男性供体巨噬细胞中胆固醇酯的形成，而女性没有。这篇综述总结了有关性激素对巨噬细胞泡沫细胞形成重要过程的性别特异性作用的当前数据以及造成这种作用的性别特异性的基本机制。在这个有前途的领域的未来研究可能最终会导致针对抑制动脉粥样硬化的“性别特异性”治疗的新概念。

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