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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in lipidology >Arterial wall chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans: diverse molecules with distinct roles in lipoprotein retention and atherogenesis.
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Arterial wall chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans: diverse molecules with distinct roles in lipoprotein retention and atherogenesis.

机译：动脉壁硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖：在脂蛋白保留和动脉粥样硬化中具有不同作用的多种分子。

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Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) of the arterial wall are generally considered to be atherogenic because of their ability to trap cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in vitro. Nevertheless, CSPGs are a diverse group of molecules with a long evolutionary history and distinct biologic functions. The three principal CSPGs in the arterial wall are versican, which is part of the hyalectan gene family; and decorin and biglycan, which are members of a separate gene family, the small leucine-rich proteoglycans. Importantly, there is now substantial evidence that the different molecular species of CSPGs participate unequally in lipoprotein retention, and that they exert unequal regulatory effects that are related to atherogenesis. Recently available murine models with genetic manipulations that affect CSPGs now allow causal studies of the roles of these molecules to be conducted in vivo, with occasionally surprising results. Moreover, tools are being developed to examine human genetic variations that are relevant to CSPGs, which may provide additional important insights into the human disease. The era in which proteoglycans are regarded as a nondescript backdrop, playing purely nonspecific structural roles, is over. Studies in manipulated animals and in human populations will continue to reveal precise, dynamic roles for these fascinating and ancient molecules.
机译：通常认为动脉壁的硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖（CSPG）具有动脉粥样硬化作用，因为它们能够在体外捕获富含胆固醇的脂蛋白。然而，CSPG是具有悠久的进化历史和独特的生物学功能的各种分子。动脉壁中的三种主要CSPG是versican，它是hyalectan基因家族的一部分。以及decorin和biglycan，它们是一个独立的基因家族的成员，即富含亮氨酸的小蛋白聚糖。重要的是，现在有大量证据表明CSPG的不同分子种类不平等地参与脂蛋白保留，并且它们发挥与动脉粥样硬化相关的不平等调节作用。现在可以利用具有影响CSPGs的基因操作的最新鼠类模型，对这些分子在体内进行的作用进行因果关系研究，有时得出令人惊讶的结果。此外，正在开发工具来检查与CSPG相关的人类遗传变异，这可能会提供有关人类疾病的其他重要见解。蛋白聚糖被视为非描述性背景，仅发挥非特异性结构作用的时代已经结束。在被操纵的动物和人类中的研究将继续揭示这些迷人而古老的分子的精确，动态的作用。

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