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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in gastroenterology >Inflammation and biliary tract injury.
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Inflammation and biliary tract injury.

机译：炎症和胆道损伤。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and biliary atresia are thought to be immune-mediated cholangiopathies, however, gaps in knowledge remain with regard to the immunopathogenesis of these diseases. RECENT FINDINGS: In this review, we highlight recent investigations pertaining to the role of both innate and adaptive immunity in bile duct damage. In innate immunity, evidence is presented for the contribution of cholangiocyte toll-like receptor stimulation promoting the ongoing inflammatory response. Innate-like lymphocytes may also be critical in the early phases of small bile duct injury found in primary biliary cirrhosis. With regard to adaptive immunity, the role of specific gene deficiencies in the susceptibility to immune-mediated cholangiopathies is reviewed. Furthermore, recent work analyzing the effector mechanisms of adaptive immunity leading to bile duct epithelial apoptosis are outlined. SUMMARY: Understanding the intricacies of the inflammatory mechanisms culminating in bile duct epithelial injury are crucial to the future development of therapies aimed at halting the ongoing biliary tract destruction found in immune-mediated cholangiopathies. A paucity of research studies on primary sclerosing cholangitis was noted in this review and future research efforts should focus on primary sclerosing cholangitis, in addition to primary biliary cirrhosis and biliary atresia.
机译：审查的目的：原发性胆汁性肝硬化，原发性硬化性胆管炎和胆道闭锁被认为是免疫介导的胆管病，但是，关于这些疾病的免疫发病机制的知识仍存在空白。最近的发现：在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了与先天免疫和适应性免疫在胆管损伤中的作用有关的最新研究。在先天免疫中，提供了证据证明胆管细胞通行费样受体刺激促进正在进行的炎症反应。在原发性胆汁性肝硬化中发现的小胆管损伤的早期阶段，先天样淋巴细胞也可能至关重要。关于适应性免疫，综述了特定基因缺陷在免疫介导的胆管病易感性中的作用。此外，概述了最近的工作，分析了导致胆管上皮细胞凋亡的适应性免疫的效应器机制。总结：了解导致胆管上皮损伤的炎症机制的复杂性对于旨在阻止免疫介导的胆管病中持续的胆道破坏的治疗方法的未来发展至关重要。这篇综述指出，对原发性硬化性胆管炎的研究很少，除原发性胆汁性肝硬化和胆道闭锁外，未来的研究工作应集中在原发性硬化性胆管炎。

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