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Trained innate immunity and atherosclerosis

机译：训练有素的先天免疫力和动脉粥样硬化

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Monocytes/macrophages play a decisive role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. It is currently unknown what stimuli initiate and orchestrate the activation of these cells in atherogenesis. In this review, we postulate that the novel concept of 'trained immunity' modulates the development and progression of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Recently, results from our laboratory challenged the current paradigm that innate immunity is static and does not have an immunological memory. Stimulation by various microbial products, including Candida albicans and bacille Calmette-Guérin, appeared to bring monocytes into a long-term enhanced functional state, showing a stronger proinflammatory response to a second stimulus. This 'trained immunity' was mediated by increased and stable histone methylation. SUMMARY: We describe the hypothesis that this functional reprogramming of monocytes, either by microbial products or by metabolic products, contributes to atherogenesis and propose epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes as a novel pharmacological target for preventing or treating atherosclerosis in the future.
机译：审查目的：单核细胞/巨噬细胞在动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展中起决定性作用。目前尚不清楚在动脉粥样硬化中哪些刺激会引发和协调这些细胞的激活。在这篇评论中，我们假设“训练免疫”的新概念调节了动脉粥样硬化的发展和进程。最近的发现：最近，我们实验室的结果挑战了当前的范例，即先天免疫是静态的，没有免疫记忆。各种微生物产品（包括白色念珠菌和杆菌Calmette-Guérin）的刺激似乎使单核细胞进入了长期增强的功能状态，对第二种刺激表现出更强的促炎反应。这种“训练的免疫”是由稳定的组蛋白甲基化增加和介导的。摘要：我们描述了这样的假说，即单核细胞通过微生物产物或代谢产物的功能性重编程有助于动脉粥样硬化的发生，并提出了单核细胞的表观遗传学重编程作为将来预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的新药理学靶标。

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