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Foodborne enteric infections

机译:食源性肠感染

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摘要

Foodborne infections are estimated to affect one in four Americans each year. Most these (67%) are caused by the Norwalk-like viruses, but Campylobacter and nontyphoidal Salmonellae together account for about one fourth of cases of illness in which a pathogen can be detected. Less common bacterial infections, such as with Listeria monocytogenes and the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, cause fewer infections but are important because of their severe complications or high mortality rate, or both. This review describes the recent development of a national surveillance system for foodborne illness, newer methods for molecular characterization of organisms for epidemiologic studies, and individual etiologic agents in the order of frequency of occurrence. Methods for decreasing the disease burden are discussed, including education of health care professionals and the public, modification of food-handling behaviors, the use of food irradiation, and the application of probiotics tofoods.
机译:据估计,食源性感染每年影响四分之一的美国人。其中大多数(67%)是由诺沃克样病毒引起的,但弯曲杆菌和非伤寒沙门氏菌合起来占可检测病原体的约四分之一。不太常见的细菌感染(例如单核细胞增生李斯特菌和产生志贺毒素的大肠杆菌)引起的感染较少,但由于它们的严重并发症或高死亡率,或两者兼而有之,因此很重要。这篇综述描述了国家食源性疾病监测系统的最新发展,流行病学研究生物分子鉴定的新方法以及病因的发生顺序。讨论了减轻疾病负担的方法,包括对医护人员和公众的教育,改变食物处理行为,使用食物辐照以及将益生菌应用于食物等。

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