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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in HIV and AIDS >Distinctive features of CD4+ T cell dysfunction in chronic viral infections
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Distinctive features of CD4+ T cell dysfunction in chronic viral infections

机译：慢性病毒感染中CD4 + T细胞功能异常的明显特征

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Purpose of review To describe recent advances in the understanding of virus-specific CD4+ T cell dysfunction in chronic viral infections, with an emphasis on HIV disease. We highlight features that are distinctive for CD4+ T cells, as opposed to their CD8+ T cell counterparts. Recent findings CD4+ T cell activation and differentiation are tightly controlled. Regulation of these processes depends on the context of initial encounter of the na?ve CD4+ T cell with the cognate antigen and on ongoing external cues to the antigen-experienced CD4+ T cell, in particular the inflammatory environment, which is prominent in HIV infection. Virus-specific CD4+ T cell dysfunction results from a combination of an exhaustion program and skewing in T helper lineage differentiation which impact function. The CD4+ and CD8+ T cell exhaustion programs present similarities and distinct features. The sets of inhibitory coreceptors expression differ, although programmed-death 1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) are upregulated on both HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is largely specific to CD4+ T cells, whereas 2B4 and CD160 are biased toward CD8+ T cells. Summary Understanding the molecular basis of HIV-specific CD4+ T cell exhaustion and identifying key differences with CD8+ T cell impairment will be critical to design effective therapeutic and preventive immunotherapies against HIV..
机译：审查目的描述在了解慢性病毒感染中病毒特异性CD4 + T细胞功能障碍方面的最新进展，重点是HIV疾病。我们重点介绍CD4 + T细胞的独特功能，而不是CD8 ++ T细胞。最近的发现CD4 + T细胞的激活和分化受到严格控制。对这些过程的调节取决于幼稚的CD4 + T细胞与相关抗原的初次接触的背景，以及抗原经历的CD4 + T细胞对外界的持续提示，尤其是在HIV感染中很明显的炎性环境。病毒特异性CD4 + T细胞功能异常是由精疲力尽程序和影响功能的T辅助谱系分化导致的。 CD4 +和CD8 + T细胞衰竭程序表现出相似性和独特性。尽管在HIV特异性CD4 +和CD8 + T细胞，细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4（HIV）上上调了程序性死亡1（PD-1）和T细胞免疫球蛋白粘蛋白3（Tim-3），但抑制性共感受器的表达却有所不同。 CTLA-4）主要针对CD4 + T细胞，而2B4和CD160则偏向CD8 + T细胞。结束语了解HIV特异性CD4 + T细胞衰竭的分子基础并鉴定CD8 + T细胞损伤的关键差异对于设计针对HIV的有效治疗和预防性免疫疗法至关重要。

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