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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Physiology >Loss of maximal explosive power of lower limbs after 2?weeks of disuse and incomplete recovery after retraining in older adults
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Loss of maximal explosive power of lower limbs after 2?weeks of disuse and incomplete recovery after retraining in older adults

机译：在老年人培训后2个星期的废物和不完全恢复后，损失下肢的最大爆炸性损失

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Key points Disuse in older adults can critically decrease lower limb muscle power, leading to compromised mobility and overall quality of life. We studied how muscle power and its determinants (muscle mass, single muscle fibre properties and motor control) adapted to 2?weeks of disuse and subsequent 2?weeks of physical training in young and older people. Disuse decreased lower limb muscle power in both groups; however, different adaptations in single muscle fibre properties and co‐contraction of leg muscles were observed between young and older individuals. Six physical training sessions performed after disuse promoted the recovery of muscle mass and power. However, they were not sufficient to restore muscle power to pre‐disuse values in older individuals, suggesting that further countermeasures are required to counteract the disuse‐induced loss of muscle power in older adults. Abstract Disuse‐induced loss of muscle power can be detrimental in older individuals, seriously impairing functional capacity. In this study, we examined the changes in maximal explosive power (MEP) of lower limbs induced by a 14‐day disuse (bed‐rest, BR) and a subsequent 14‐day retraining, to assess whether the impact of disuse was greater in older than in young men, and to analyse the causes of such adaptations. Sixteen older adults (Old: 55–65?years) and seven Young (18–30?years) individuals participated in this study. In a subgroup of eight Old subjects, countermeasures based on cognitive training and protein supplementation were applied. MEP was measured with an explosive ergometer, muscle mass was determined by magnetic resonance, motor control was studied by EMG, and single muscle fibres were analysed in vastus lateralis biopsy samples. MEP was ～33% lower in Old than in Young individuals, and remained significantly lower (?19%) when normalized by muscle volume. BR significantly affected MEP in Old (?15%) but not in Young. Retraining tended to increase MEP; however, this intervention was not sufficient to restore pre‐BR values in Old. Ankle co‐contraction increased after BR in Old only, and remained elevated after retraining (+30%). Significant atrophy occurred in slow fibres in Old, and in fast fibres in Young. After retraining, the recovery of muscle fibre thickness was partial. The proposed countermeasures were not sufficient to affect muscle mass and power. The greater impact of disuse and smaller retraining‐induced recovery observed in Old highlight the importance of designing suitable rehabilitation protocols for older individuals.
机译：老年人的关键点消失可以严重降低下肢肌肉力量，导致流动性和整体生活质量。我们研究了肌肉力量及其决定因素（肌肉质量，单肌纤维性能和电机控制），适应2？几周的废物，随后的2个？年轻人的体育训练。废弃物在两组中减少了下肢肌肉力量;然而，在年轻人和老年人之间观察到单肌纤维性质和腿部肌肉共收缩的不同调整。在废弃后进行的六次体育训练课程促进肌肉质量和力量的恢复。然而，它们不足以将肌肉能力恢复到更老年人中的抗用品值，这表明需要进一步的对策来抵消老年人的肌肉力量的废弃损失。摘要肌肉力量的废弃损失可能对老年人有害，严重损害功能能力。在这项研究中，我们研究了14天废弃（床静舒适，BR）和随后的14天再培训诱导的下肢最大爆炸力（MEP）的变化，以评估废物的影响是否更大比年轻人更老，并分析这种适应的原因。十六名老年人（旧：55-65人？年）和七个年轻（18-30岁）个人参加了这项研究。在八个旧科目的亚组中，应用了基于认知培训和蛋白质补充的对策。用爆炸性计测量MEP，通过磁共振测量肌肉质量，通过EMG研究了电机控制，并在夸张的外侧活组织检查样品中分析了单肌纤维。 MEP比年轻个体较低的MEP〜33％，当肌肉量标准化时，仍然显着降低（？19％）。 BR显着影响旧的MEP（？15％），但不是年轻人。再培训趋于增加MEP;然而，这种干预不足以恢复旧的预期值。在旧的BR之后，脚踝共收缩增加，再培训后保持升高（+ 30％）。显着的萎缩发生在旧的慢纤维中，年轻的纤维。在再培训后，肌肉纤维厚度的恢复是部分的。提出的对策不足以影响肌肉质量和力量。在旧的衰竭和较小的再培养诱导的回收的影响突出了为老年人设计合适的康复协议的重要性。

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