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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >Oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance: bridging ecology and physiology
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Oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance: bridging ecology and physiology

机译：氧气和容量有限的热耐受性：桥接生态和生理学

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Observations of climate impacts on ecosystems highlight the need for an understanding of organismal thermal ranges and their implications at the ecosystem level. Where changes in aquatic animal populations have been observed, the integrative concept of oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance (OCLTT) has successfully characterised the onset of thermal limits to performance and field abundance. The OCLTT concept addresses the molecular to whole-animal mechanisms that define thermal constraints on the capacity for oxygen supply to the organism in relation to oxygen demand. The resulting 'total excess aerobic power budget' supports an animal's performance (e.g. comprising motor activity, reproduction and growth) within an individual's thermal range. The aerobic power budget is often approximated through measurements of aerobic scope for activity (i.e. the maximum difference between resting and the highest exercise-induced rate of oxygen consumption), whereas most animals in the field rely on lower (i.e. routine) modes of activity. At thermal limits, OCLTT also integrates protective mechanisms that extend time-limited tolerance to temperature extremes - mechanisms such as chaperones, anaerobic metabolism and antioxidative defence. Here, we briefly summarise the OCLTT concept and update it by addressing the role of routine metabolism. We highlight potential pitfalls in applying the concept and discuss the variables measured that led to the development of OCLTT. We propose that OCLTT explains why thermal vulnerability is highest at the whole-animal level and lowest at the molecular level. We also discuss how OCLTT captures the thermal constraints on the evolution of aquatic animal life and supports an understanding of the benefits of transitioning from water to land.
机译：对生态系统对气候的影响观察突显有机体热范围和对生态系统及其影响的理解的需要。凡在水产动物种群变化已经观察到，含氧的综合概念和能力有限的热耐受性（OCLTT）已成功地表征的热极限性能和字段丰度的发作。所述OCLTT概念地址的分子来定义上的能力供氧生物体相对于需氧量热约束全动物机制。将所得“总过量好氧功率预算”支持一个单独的热范围内的动物的表现（例如，包括运动活性，繁殖和生长）。需氧功率预算通常是通过对活动有氧范围的测量来近似（即静息和耗氧量的最高运动诱发率之间的最大差值），而大多数动物在该领域依靠下（即常规）活性的模式。在热限制，OCLTT还集成了延长时间的有限耐受极端温度的保护机制 - 机制，例如伴侣分子，无氧代谢和抗氧化防御。在这里，我们简要总结了OCLTT概念，并通过解决日常代谢的作用，对其进行更新。我们强调在运用这一概念的潜在缺陷，并讨论测定导致OCLTT发展的变量。我们建议OCLTT解释了为什么热漏洞是在整体动物水平最高和最低在分子水平上。我们还讨论了如何OCLTT捕捉水生动物生命进化的热限制和支持的从水中转移到陆地的好处的认识。

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