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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in lipidology >High-density lipoprotein heterogeneity and function in reverse cholesterol transport
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High-density lipoprotein heterogeneity and function in reverse cholesterol transport

机译：高密度脂蛋白异质性和胆固醇逆向转运功能

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Purpose of review HDL is a cardioprotective lipoprotein, at least in part, because of its ability to mediate reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). It is becoming increasingly clear that the antiatherogenic effects of HDL are not only dependent on its concentration in circulating blood but also on its biological 'quality'. This review summarizes our current understanding of how the biological activities of individual subclasses of HDL particles contribute to overall HDL performance in RCT. Recent findings Recent work indicates that apolipoprotein A-I-containing nascent HDL particles are heterogeneous and that such particles exert different effects on the RCT pathway. RCT from macrophages has been examined in detail in mice and the roles of plasma factors (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, cholesterol ester transfer protein, phospholipid transfer protein) and cell factors (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1, scavenger receptor class B type 1) have been evaluated. Manipulation of such factors has consistent effects on RCT and atherosclerosis, but the level of plasma HDL does not reliably predict the degree of RCT. Furthermore, HDL cholesterol or apolipoprotein A-I levels do not necessarily correlate with the magnitude of cholesterol efflux from macrophages; more understanding of the contributions of specific HDL subspecies is required. Summary The antiatherogenic quality of HDL is defined by the functionality of HDL subspecies. In the case of RCT, the rate of cholesterol movement through the pathway is critical and the contributions of particular types of HDL particles to this process are becoming better defined.
机译：综述的目的HDL是一种心脏保护性脂蛋白，至少部分是由于其介导胆固醇反向转运（RCT）的能力。越来越清楚的是，HDL的抗动脉粥样硬化作用不仅取决于其在循环血液中的浓度，还取决于其生物学的“质量”。这篇综述总结了我们目前对HDL颗粒的各个亚类的生物学活性如何有助于RCT中总体HDL性能的理解。最近的发现最近的工作表明，含载脂蛋白A-1的新生HDL颗粒是异质的，并且这种颗粒对RCT途径的作用不同。已在小鼠中详细检查了巨噬细胞的RCT以及血浆因子（卵磷脂-胆固醇酰基转移酶，胆固醇酯转移蛋白，磷脂转移蛋白）和细胞因子（ATP结合盒转运蛋白A1，ATP结合盒转运蛋白G1，清除剂）的作用。已经评估了B类1型受体。操纵这些因素对RCT和动脉粥样硬化具有一致的影响，但是血浆HDL的水平不能可靠地预测RCT的程度。此外，HDL胆固醇或载脂蛋白A-I水平不一定与巨噬细胞胆固醇外流的程度相关。需要对特定HDL亚种的贡献有更多的了解。小结HDL的抗动脉粥样硬化质量由HDL亚种的功能定义。对于RCT，胆固醇通过途径的移动速度至关重要，并且特定类型的HDL颗粒对此过程的贡献也变得更加明确。

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