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Recent advances in dietary proteins and lipid metabolism

机译：饮食蛋白质和脂质代谢的最新进展

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Purpose of review There is growing interest in defining the dietary approaches for the management of lipid disorders. This review focuses on dietary proteins. Recent findings Increasing protein intake was coupled with improved lipid profiles in humans and animals. However, most studies increased the protein content by reducing that of fat or carbohydrate or both, making unclear the role of protein alone. Mechanisms of action differ with the sources of proteins, because of amino acid composition and bioactive peptides encrypted in their sequences. Soy protein was investigated the most, and many studies show that its consumption reduces blood cholesterol. The role of other constituents including isoflavones is debated. Short-term studies are consistent in showing lipidlowering properties of whey proteins, attributed to their relative high content in branched chain amino acids. A limited number of studies, the majority being on animals, have shown hypocholesterolemic activities of fish proteins. Summary Dietary proteins regulate lipid metabolism in a manner dependent on their quantity and composition. There is a general consensus that proteins slow lipid absorption and synthesis, and promote lipid excretion. The benefits of dietary proteins remain to be confirmed in individuals with lipid abnormalities, for formulation of optimal dietary alternatives for the management of lipid disturbances.
机译：审查目的越来越多的人定义饮食方法来治疗脂质疾病。这篇评论集中在饮食蛋白质上。最新发现增加蛋白质摄入量与改善人类和动物的脂质状况有关。但是，大多数研究通过减少脂肪或碳水化合物或两者的含量来增加蛋白质含量，不清楚蛋白质的作用。作用机制因蛋白质来源而异，因为氨基酸组成和序列中加密的生物活性肽。对大豆蛋白的研究最多，许多研究表明，大豆蛋白的摄入会降低血液中的胆固醇。人们对包括异黄酮在内的其他成分的作用进行了辩论。短期研究一致显示出乳清蛋白的降脂特性，这归因于它们在支链氨基酸中的相对较高含量。有限的研究（大多数是针对动物的）显示了鱼蛋白的降胆固醇活性。总结膳食蛋白质以依赖于其数量和组成的方式调节脂质代谢。人们普遍认为蛋白质会减慢脂质的吸收和合成，并促进脂质的排泄。对于具有脂质异常的个体，饮食蛋白的益处尚待证实，以配制用于控制脂质紊乱的最佳饮食替代品。

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