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Fox proteins are modular competency factors for facial cartilage and tooth specification.

机译:Fox蛋白是面部软骨和牙齿规格的模块化竞争力因素。

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摘要

Facial form depends on the precise positioning of cartilage, bone, and tooth fields in the embryonic pharyngeal arches. How complex signaling information is integrated to specify these cell types remains a mystery. We find that modular expression of Forkhead domain transcription factors (Fox proteins) in the zebrafish face arises through integration of Hh, Fgf, Bmp, Edn1 and Jagged-Notch pathways. Whereas loss of C-class Fox proteins results in reduced upper facial cartilages, loss of F-class Fox proteins results in distal jaw truncations and absent midline cartilages and teeth. We show that Fox proteins are required for Sox9a to promote chondrogenic gene expression. Fox proteins are sufficient in neural crest-derived cells for cartilage development, and neural crest-specific misexpression of Fox proteins expands the cartilage domain but inhibits bone. These results support a modular role for Fox proteins in establishing the competency of progenitors to form cartilage and teeth in the face.
机译:面部形式取决于软骨,骨骼和牙齿曲线曲线中的精确定位。如何集成复杂的信令信息以指定这些单元格类型仍然是一个谜。我们发现斑马鱼脸部斑点域转录因子(Fox蛋白)的模块化表达通过整合HH,FGF,BMP,EDN1和锯齿状途径而产生。虽然C级狐狸蛋白的丧失导致上部面部软骨减少,但F级狐狸蛋白的丧失导致远端下颚截短,没有中线软骨和牙齿。我们表明Sox9a需要福克斯蛋白来促进软骨形成基因表达。福克斯蛋白足以在神经嵴衍生的细胞中足以进行软骨发育,并且狐狸蛋白的神经嵴特异性misexpression扩增软骨域,但抑制骨骼。这些结果支持Fox蛋白在建立祖细胞的能力方面的模块化作用,以形成脸部的软骨和牙齿。

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