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Signaling in the stem cell niche: regulating cell fate, function and plasticity

机译:在干细胞中的信号传导:调节细胞命运,功能和可塑性

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摘要

Stem cells have the ability to self-renew and differentiate along multiple lineages, driving tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Paradigms of unidirectional, hierarchical differentiation trajectories observed in embryonic and hematopoietic stem cells have traditionally been applied to tissue-resident stem cells. However, accumulating evidence implicates stemness as a bidirectional, dynamic state that is largely governed by the niche, which facilitates plasticity and adaptability to changing conditions. In this Review, we discuss mechanisms of cell fate regulation through niche-derived cues, with a particular focus on epithelial stem cells of the mammalian skin, intestine and lung. We discuss a spectrum of niche-derived biochemical, mechanical and architectural inputs that define stem cell states during morphogenesis, homeostasis and regeneration, and highlight how these diverse inputs influence stem cell plasticity.
机译:干细胞具有沿多个谱系自我更新和区分的能力,驱动组织稳态和再生。 传统上,在胚胎和造血干细胞中观察到的单向,分层分化轨迹的范例传统上应用于组织居民干细胞。 然而,累积证据意味着茎作为双向的动态状态,主要受到利基,这促进了可塑性和对变化条件的适应性。 在本文中,我们通过利基衍生的提示讨论细胞命运调节的机制,特别关注哺乳动物皮肤,肠和肺的上皮干细胞。 我们讨论了一种基因源性生物化学,机械和建筑输入的光谱,可在形态发生,稳态和再生期间定义干细胞状态,并突出这些不同的输入如何影响干细胞可塑性。

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