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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Earthquake Nucleation on Faults With Heterogeneous Frictional Properties, Normal Stress
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Earthquake Nucleation on Faults With Heterogeneous Frictional Properties, Normal Stress

机译：地震成核与异质摩擦性质的故障，正常压力

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摘要

We examine the development of an instability of fault slip rate. We consider a slip rate and state dependence of fault frictional strength, in which frictional properties and normal stress are functions of position. We pose the problem for a slip rate distribution that diverges quasi-statically within finite time in a self-similar fashion. Scenarios of property variations are considered and the corresponding self-similar solutions found. We focus on variations of coefficients, a and b, respectively, controlling the magnitude of a direct effect on strength due to instantaneous changes in slip rate and of strength evolution due to changes in a state variable. These results readily extend to variations in fault-normal stress, sigma, or the characteristic slip distance for state evolution, D-c. We find that heterogeneous properties lead to a finite number of self-similar solutions, located about critical points of the distributions: maxima, minima, and between them. We examine the stability of these solutions and find that only a subset is asymptotically stable, occurring at just one of the critical point types. Such stability implies that during instability development, slip rate and state evolution can be attracted to develop in the manner of the self-similar solution, which is also confirmed by solutions to initial value problems for slip rate and state. A quasi-static slip rate divergence is ultimately limited by inertia, leading to the nucleation of an outward expanding dynamic rupture: asymptotic stability of self-similar solutions then implies preferential sites for earthquake nucleation, which are determined by distribution of frictional properties.
机译：我们研究了故障滑动率不稳定的发展。我们考虑了故障摩擦强度的滑移率和状态依赖性，其中摩擦性能和正常应力是位置的功能。我们为滑动速率分布提出了问题，以自类似方式在有限时间内分歧。考虑财产变化的场景，并找到了相应的自相似解决方案。我们专注于系数，a和b的变化，分别控制由于瞬时变化和由于状态变量的变化而导致的瞬时变化和强度演化引起的强度的大小。这些结果易于延伸到具有态变形的故障正常应力，Sigma或特征滑移距离的变化，D-C.我们发现异构性质导致有限数量的自我类似解决方案，位于分布的关键点：最大值，最小值和它们之间。我们检查这些解决方案的稳定性，并发现只有一个子集是渐近稳定的，只是在关键点类型中发生。这种稳定性意味着在不稳定的开发期间，可以以自相似解的方式吸引滑移率和状态进化，这也是通过对滑移率和状态的初始值问题的解决方案来证实。准静态滑移率发散最终受到惯性的限制，导致向外扩张的动态破裂的成核：自相似溶液的渐近稳定性，然后暗示地震成核的优先网站，这通过摩擦性能分布来确定。

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