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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydrology >Modelling groundwater flooding in a lowland karst catchment
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Modelling groundwater flooding in a lowland karst catchment

机译：在低地岩溶集水区建模地下水洪水

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Groundwater flooding is a phenomenon which has become recognised as a significant natural hazard in recent years. The Gort lowland karst catchment situated in south Co. Galway on the western coast of Ireland has experienced two extreme groundwater flood events in the past decade leading to considerable damage and disruption. Groundwater flooding in the catchment typically occurs following periods of sustained heavy rainfall when sufficient capacity is not available in the bedrock to store and convey water to the sea. The underground karst conduit system therefore surcharges to the ground surface through a system of estavelles and floods lowlying areas of ground known as turloughs (ephemeral lakes). A 1D/2D pipe network model of the karst conduit system of the Gort lowland karst was developed in order to simulate the flooding mechanisms across the catchment as well as to assess flood alleviation options. The nature of the underground karstic connections in the system has been determined from a combination of available field data (dye tracing, water chemistry data etc.) and cross-frequency analysis on the turlough fluctuation time series data over several years. The availability of high accuracy LiDAR data of the catchment then allowed the flooding regime to be accurately simulated on the ground surface. The model was calibrated using historic continuous water level data for a number of turloughs in the catchment and then validated using historic peak spot flood levels. The model was then used to identify appropriate potential groundwater flood alleviation measures for the catchment. The impacts of such measures on both the salinity of Kinvara bay, through increased freshwater discharges, and eco-hydrology of the protected wetland habitats within the turloughs was also investigated. The study demonstrated that the measures proposed can be developed without inducing undesirable impacts to either salinity in Kinvara Bay (and thus mariculture) or to the protected turlough habitats. The study has also demonstrated the suitability and functionality of such karst models for examining groundwater flood management options and eco-hydrology in karst catchments.
机译：地下水洪水是一种现象，近年来已被认为是一个重要的自然危害。位于爱尔兰西海岸的南部Co.Carway的Gort Lowland喀斯特集水区戈尔韦在过去十年中经历过两次极端地下水洪水事件，导致相当大的伤害和破坏。当在基岩中不可用足够的容量存放和传送到大海时，该集水区内的地下水洪水通常发生在持续的大雨降雨量之后发生。因此，地下岩溶导管系统通过开学系统的系统附加到地面，并洪水淹没了称为静力（短暂湖泊）的地面低地。开发了一个1D / 2D管网模型的歌剧院Lowland Karst的喀斯特管道系统，以模拟集水区的洪水机制，并评估洪水缓解方案。系统中的地下岩溶连接的性质已经从可用现场数据（染料跟踪，水化学数据等）的组合和横频分析几年来的横频分析确定。然后，集水器的高精度LIDAR数据的可用性允许在地面上准确地模拟洪水制度。使用历史连续水位数据进行校准的模型，用于在集水区内的许多别行，然后使用历史峰点洪水级别验证。然后，该模型用于确定该集水区的适当潜在地下水洪水缓解措施。还研究了通过增加的淡水排放和静脉湿地栖息地的淡水排放和生态水文的影响，通过增加静脉内部的淡水排放和保护湿地栖息地的影响。该研究表明，可以开发所提出的措施，而不会在Kinvara湾（因此海水养殖）或受保护的别墅栖息地的盐度或受保护的别墅栖息地。该研究还展示了这种喀斯特洪水管理选项和喀斯特集水区生态水文的岩溶模型的适用性和功能。

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