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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in psychiatry >The inheritance of intermediate phenotypes for schizophrenia.
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The inheritance of intermediate phenotypes for schizophrenia.

机译：精神分裂症的中间表型的遗传。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While schizophrenia is substantially heritable, the mode of inheritance is complex, involving numerous genes of small effect and a non-trivial environmental component. The 'endophenotype' approach is an alternative method for measuring phenotypic variation that may facilitate the identification of susceptibility genes in the context of complexly inherited traits. Here we review recent studies applying this method to measures of brain structure, physiology, and function in samples of schizophrenia patients and their non-ill first-degree relatives (siblings and co-twins). RECENT FINDINGS: The results suggest that there are multiple heritable dimensions of central nervous system pathology in schizophrenia, including disturbances in the structure and functioning of frontal lobe systems involved in working memory and executive processes, temporal lobe systems involved in episodic memory, auditory perception, and language processing, and cortical and sub-cortical systems mediating smooth pursuit eye movements and sensorimotor gating. A number of genetic loci that are suspected to play a role in predisposing to schizophrenia, including the DISC1, COMT, neuregulin, dysbindin, and alpha-7 nicotinic receptor genes, appear to affect quantitative variation on one or more of these indicators. SUMMARY: Future work is encouraged to address whether each of these neural system dysfunctions are under the influence of a partially distinct set of genes, to elucidate the manner in which multiple genes may coalesce in determining schizophrenia-promoting dysfunction in each neurobehavioral domain, and to clarify the degree of overlap in these quantitative trait loci-endophenotype relationships with other forms of psychosis, particularly bipolar disorder.
机译：审查目的：虽然精神分裂症是可遗传的，但遗传方式却很复杂，涉及许多影响较小的基因，并且具有不重要的环境成分。 “表型”方法是一种用于测量表型变异的替代方法，该方法可以在复杂遗传性状的背景下促进易感基因的鉴定。在这里，我们回顾了将这种方法应用于精神分裂症患者及其非患病一级亲属（兄弟姐妹和双胞胎）样本中脑结构，生理和功能的测量的最新研究。最近的发现：结果表明，精神分裂症的中枢神经系统病理有多个可遗传的方面，包括参与工作记忆和执行过程的额叶系统的结构和功能紊乱，发作性记忆所涉及的颞叶系统，听觉，和语言处理，以及皮层和皮层下系统介导平滑的眼动追踪和感觉运动门控。怀疑是在精神分裂症易感性中起作用的许多遗传基因座，包括DISC1，COMT，神经调节蛋白，dysbindin和α-7烟碱样受体基因，似乎影响这些指标中一个或多个的定量变异。摘要：鼓励未来的工作来解决这些神经系统功能障碍中的每一个是否都受到部分不同的基因的影响，以阐明在每个神经行为域中确定多个促进精神分裂症的功能障碍时多个基因可以合并的方式，以及阐明与其他形式的精神病，特别是双相情感障碍，这些数量性状基因座-内表型关系的重叠程度。

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